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Review

Amphotericin B in the Era of New Antifungals: Where Will It Stand?

by
Karolina Akinosoglou
1,2,*,
Emmanouil Angelos Rigopoulos
1,
Despoina Papageorgiou
1,
Georgios Schinas
1,
Eleni Polyzou
1,
Effrosyni Dimopoulou
3,
Charalambos Gogos
1 and
George Dimopoulos
4
1
School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
2
Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University General Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece
3
Hellenic Institute for the Study of Sepsis, 11528 Athens, Greece
4
3rd Department of Critical Care, Evgenidio Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2024, 10(4), 278; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10040278
Submission received: 19 March 2024 / Revised: 5 April 2024 / Accepted: 7 April 2024 / Published: 10 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Strategies to Combat Human Fungal Infections)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Amphotericin B (AmB) has long stood as a cornerstone in the treatment of invasive fungal infections (IFIs), especially among immunocompromised patients. However, the landscape of antifungal therapy is evolving. New antifungal agents, boasting novel mechanisms of action and better safety profiles, are entering the scene, presenting alternatives to AmB’s traditional dominance. This shift, prompted by an increase in the incidence of IFIs, the growing demographic of immunocompromised individuals, and changing patterns of fungal resistance, underscores the continuous need for effective treatments. Despite these challenges, AmB’s broad efficacy and low resistance rates maintain its essential status in antifungal therapy. Innovations in AmB formulations, such as lipid complexes and liposomal delivery systems, have significantly mitigated its notorious nephrotoxicity and infusion-related reactions, thereby enhancing its clinical utility. Moreover, AmB’s efficacy in treating severe and rare fungal infections and its pivotal role as prophylaxis in high-risk settings highlight its value and ongoing relevance. This review examines AmB’s standing amidst the ever-changing antifungal landscape, focusing on its enduring significance in current clinical practice and exploring its potential future therapeutic adaptations.
Keywords: amphotericin B; mycoses; fungal infections; drug resistance; fungal; liposomes; antifungal agents; prophylactic treatment; immunocompromised host; epidemiology; fungal amphotericin B; mycoses; fungal infections; drug resistance; fungal; liposomes; antifungal agents; prophylactic treatment; immunocompromised host; epidemiology; fungal

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Akinosoglou, K.; Rigopoulos, E.A.; Papageorgiou, D.; Schinas, G.; Polyzou, E.; Dimopoulou, E.; Gogos, C.; Dimopoulos, G. Amphotericin B in the Era of New Antifungals: Where Will It Stand? J. Fungi 2024, 10, 278. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10040278

AMA Style

Akinosoglou K, Rigopoulos EA, Papageorgiou D, Schinas G, Polyzou E, Dimopoulou E, Gogos C, Dimopoulos G. Amphotericin B in the Era of New Antifungals: Where Will It Stand? Journal of Fungi. 2024; 10(4):278. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10040278

Chicago/Turabian Style

Akinosoglou, Karolina, Emmanouil Angelos Rigopoulos, Despoina Papageorgiou, Georgios Schinas, Eleni Polyzou, Effrosyni Dimopoulou, Charalambos Gogos, and George Dimopoulos. 2024. "Amphotericin B in the Era of New Antifungals: Where Will It Stand?" Journal of Fungi 10, no. 4: 278. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10040278

APA Style

Akinosoglou, K., Rigopoulos, E. A., Papageorgiou, D., Schinas, G., Polyzou, E., Dimopoulou, E., Gogos, C., & Dimopoulos, G. (2024). Amphotericin B in the Era of New Antifungals: Where Will It Stand? Journal of Fungi, 10(4), 278. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10040278

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