Irisin, an Effective Treatment for Cardiovascular Diseases?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. FNDC5 and Irisin
3. Physiological Function of Irisin
4. Regulation of Irisin by Exercise
5. Irisin and CVDs
5.1. Irisin, Biomarker for CVD Diagnosis
5.2. The Regulation of Irisin on CVDs
5.2.1. Hypertension
5.2.2. Atherosclerosis
5.2.3. Heart Failure
5.2.4. Other Cardiovascular Diseases
6. New Treatments and Strategies Based on Irisin
7. Conclusions and Prospects
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Intervention Mode | Exercise Frequency | Exercise Duration | Tissue | Detection Method | Change | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aerobic exercise | 45 min/time | 8 weeks | Blood | ELISA | irisin↑; Compared with pre-exercise | [39] |
Aerobic exercise | 40 min/time | 16 weeks | Blood | ELISA | irisin↑; Compared with pre-exercise | [40] |
Resistance exercise | 60 min/time | 12 weeks | Blood | ELISA | irisin↑; Compared with pre-exercise | [41] |
Resistance exercise | 55 min/time | 13 weeks | Blood | ELISA | irisin↑; Compared with pre-training | [42] |
Low-impact AE | 1 h | / | Muscle | ELISA | irisin (no significance); Compared with pre- exercise | [35] |
HIIT and moderate intensity continuous training | 33, 41 min/time 3 times/week, | 12 weeks | Blood | ELISA | irisin (no significance); Compared with pre- exercise | [43] |
Resistance exercise (Progressive training) | / | 12 weeks | Blood | ELISA | irisin (no significance); Compared with pre- exercise | [44] |
A single strenuous endurance exercise | 60 min/d | / | Blood | ELISA | irisin↑; Compared with pre- exercise | [45] |
Resistance exercise | >60 min/d, 5 >times/week | 8 weeks | Blood | ELISA | irisin↑; Compared with pre- exercise | [46] |
Model | Intervention | Detection Method | Change | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mouse | Leptin | PCR, ELISA | irisin↓FNDC5↑FNDC5 mRNA↑; compared to no injection | [93] |
Mouse | Insulin | PCR, ELISA | irisin↓FNDC5 mRNA↓(muscle); compared to no injection | [93] |
Mouse | Metformin | PCR | FNDC5 mRNA↓(muscle); compared to no injection | [93] |
Mouse (Obesity) | Lcariin | PCR, WB, ELISA | PGC1-α↑ FNDC5mRNA↑ irisin↑; compared to no injection | [94] |
Rat (DM) | BPS | ELISA | irisin↓; compared to no injection | [95] |
Human (GHD) | rhGH | ELISA | irisin↑↑; compared to no injection | [96] |
Human (SHT) | Levothyroxine sodium | ELISA | irisin↓; compared with those before treatment | [97] |
Human (obesity) | Orlistat | ELISA | irisin↑; compared with those before treatment | [98] |
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Liu, C.; Wei, A.; Wang, T. Irisin, an Effective Treatment for Cardiovascular Diseases? J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2022, 9, 305. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9090305
Liu C, Wei A, Wang T. Irisin, an Effective Treatment for Cardiovascular Diseases? Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease. 2022; 9(9):305. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9090305
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Chen, Aili Wei, and Tianhui Wang. 2022. "Irisin, an Effective Treatment for Cardiovascular Diseases?" Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 9, no. 9: 305. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9090305