Dextran Sulphate Sodium Acute Colitis Rat Model: A Suitable Tool for Advancing Our Understanding of Immune and Microbial Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Design
2.2. Histopathological Analysis and Colon Length
2.3. Blood and Serum Analysis
2.4. Multiplex Cytokine/Chemokine Profiling
2.5. Immunophenotyping by Flow Cytometry
2.6. NGS Analysis of Faecal Samples
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Disease Severity
3.2. Biochemical, Haematological and Plasma CRP Analyses
3.3. Multiplex Cytokine/Chemokine Profiling
3.4. Flow Cytometric Analysis
3.5. Microbiome Analysis of Rat Faecal Samples
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Markers | Conjugate | Isotype | Reactivity | Clone |
---|---|---|---|---|
CD3 | PE | Mouse BALB/c IgG1, κ | Rat | G4.18 |
CD4 | BV421 | Mouse BALB/c IgG1, κ | Rat | OX-35 |
CD8α | BB700 | Mouse BALB/c IgG1, κ | Rat | OX-8 |
CD11b | APC | Mouse BALB/c IgG1, κ | Rat | WT.5 |
CD45 | APC-Cy7 | Mouse BALB/c IgG1, κ | Rat | OX-1 |
Granulocytes | FITC | Mouse IgM, κ | Rat | HIS48 |
DSS | C | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Body Weight Gain (g) | 76.34 ± 7.54 | 96.33 ± 4.50 | 0.035 |
FER (%) | 25.06 ± 2.51 | 32.86 ± 0.62 | 0.008 |
Food Intake (g/rat/day) | 24.98 ± 0.45 | 24.80 ± 0.38 | 0.760 |
DSS | C | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Lymphoid Aggregates (LA) per Rat | 1.57 ± 0.61 | 0.33 ± 0.33 | 0.119 |
Lymphoid Follicles per Rat | 5.00 ± 2.27 | 0.33 ± 0.33 | 0.088 |
Mean Length of LA (μm) | 2495.00 ± 382.00 | 150.00 ± 150.00 | <0.001 |
Mean Width of LA (μm) | 481.80 ± 67.80 | 66.70 ± 66.70 | 0.005 |
1st Collection | 2nd Collection | 3rd Collection | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DSS | C | DSS | C | DSS | C | |
WBC (109/L) | 14.52 ± 0.53 α | 15.93 ± 1.03 | 22.37 ± 0.52 *β | 18.52 ± 0.93 | 20.08 ± 1.36 β | 18.88 ± 0.90 |
LYM (109/L) | 10.97 ± 0.37 α | 12.66 ± 0.86 | 15.69 ± 0.44 *β | 13.13 ± 0.97 | 15.37 ± 1.19 β | 14.74 ± 0.94 |
MON (109/L) | 0.50 ± 0.05 A | 0.45 ± 0.04 | 1.07 ± 0.07 *B | 0.63 ± 0.13 | 0.83 ± 0.12 B | 0.78 ± 0.15 |
GRA (109/L) | 3.10 ± 0.16 α | 3.53 ± 0.34 | 5.03 ± 0.21 *β | 3.62 ± 0.53 | 4.64 ± 0.45 β | 4.58 ± 0.42 |
HGB (g/L) | 131.32 ± 2.25 α | 132.38 ± 3.19 γ | 145.57 ± 1.17 β | 150.00 ± 1.86 δ | 142.20 ± 1.08 β | 150.6 ± 3.39 δ |
RBC (1012/L) | 5.61 ± 0.10 α | 5.65 ± 0.12 γ | 6.43 ± 0.09 β | 6.59 ± 0.09 δ | 6.29 ± 0.12 *β | 6.77 ± 0.14 δ |
PLT (109/L) | 488.60 ± 24.90 | 431.50 ± 45.00 c | 513.70 ± 29.20 * | 633.80 ± 41.10 d | 521.40 ± 85.70 | 488.6 ± 61.9 cd |
PLR | 41.98 ± 1.95 α | 34.52 ± 3.52 | 34.69 ± 2.89 β | 44.64 ± 5.04 | 36.44 ± 4.36 αβ | 34.25 ± 5.76 |
LMR | 27.32 ± 1.72 α | 29.10 ± 2.15 | 17.98 ± 1.14 *β | 30.13 ± 2.46 | 18.48 ± 1.85 β | 21.04 ± 3.26 |
GLR | 0.28 ± 0.01 α | 0.28 ± 0.02 | 0.32 ± 0.01 β | 0.28 ± 0.03 | 0.32 ± 0.03 β | 0.31 ± 0.01 |
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Adamkova, P.; Hradicka, P.; Kupcova Skalnikova, H.; Cizkova, V.; Vodicka, P.; Farkasova Iannaccone, S.; Kassayova, M.; Gancarcikova, S.; Demeckova, V. Dextran Sulphate Sodium Acute Colitis Rat Model: A Suitable Tool for Advancing Our Understanding of Immune and Microbial Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Vet. Sci. 2022, 9, 238. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050238
Adamkova P, Hradicka P, Kupcova Skalnikova H, Cizkova V, Vodicka P, Farkasova Iannaccone S, Kassayova M, Gancarcikova S, Demeckova V. Dextran Sulphate Sodium Acute Colitis Rat Model: A Suitable Tool for Advancing Our Understanding of Immune and Microbial Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Veterinary Sciences. 2022; 9(5):238. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050238
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdamkova, Petra, Petra Hradicka, Helena Kupcova Skalnikova, Veronika Cizkova, Petr Vodicka, Silvia Farkasova Iannaccone, Monika Kassayova, Sona Gancarcikova, and Vlasta Demeckova. 2022. "Dextran Sulphate Sodium Acute Colitis Rat Model: A Suitable Tool for Advancing Our Understanding of Immune and Microbial Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease" Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 5: 238. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050238