The Long-Term Clinical Course of Canine Degenerative Myelopathy and Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Case Recruitment
2.2. Clinical Symptoms and Treatment
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Cases
3.2. Clinical Symptom
3.3. Treatment
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
- Profile of the case
- Age at onset
- Disease duration (from onset to death)
- Sex
- Dysfunction of gait
- The time from symptom onset to difficult weight bearing of hind limbs
- The time from symptom onset to nonweight bearing of hind limbs
- The time from symptom onset to paresis of thoracic limbs
- The time from symptom onset to difficult weight bearing of thoracic limbs
- The time from symptom onset to nonweight bearing of thoracic limbs
- The other abnormality
- The time from symptom onset to urinary disorder
- The time from symptom onset to fecal disorder
- The time from symptom onset to respiratory disorder
- Other clinical symptoms (If your dog has other symptoms, please provide details of the symptoms and the time from symptom onset.)
- Survival time
- The time from symptom onset to death
- Treatment (If your dog was being treated, please fill this out).
Appendix B
No | Survival Time (Month) | Age at Death | Symptoms Other Than Gait Disorder | Administration of Curcumin |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 25 | 15 years 6 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal | |
2 | 50 | 14 years 2 months | Respiratory | |
3 | 34 | 14 years | Urinary, Fecal | |
4 | 22 | 14 years | Respiratory, | |
5 | 32 | 10 years 3 months | Respiratory, Urinary | |
6 | 33 | 14 years 11 months | Respiratory, Dysphonia | |
7 | 42 | 15 years 9 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal | |
8 | 30 | 14 years 6 months | Respiratory, Urinary | |
9 | 52 | 15 years 9 months | Urinary | |
10 | 42 | 12 years 3 months | Respiratory | |
11 | 34 | 13 years | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal | |
12 | 34 | 13 years 6 months | Urinary, Dysphagia | |
13 | 31 | 12 years 7 months | Urinary | |
14 | 36 | 15 years 4 months | Respiratory, Dysphonia | |
15 | 42 | 12 years 3 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal, Dysphonia | curcumin |
16 | 36 | 13 years 4 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal, Dysphagia | |
17 | 32 | 15 years | Respiratory, Urinary, Dysphonia | |
18 | 19 | 15 years 7 months | Respiratory | |
19 | 32 | 14 years 10 months | Respiratory, Urinary | |
20 | 38 | 14 years 4 months | Urinary, Fecal | |
21 | 43 | 13 years 6 months | Respiratory | |
22 | 41 | 14 years 6 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal, Facial nerve | |
23 | 20 | 13 years 2 months | Respiratory | |
24 | 44 | 12 years 1 month | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal | |
25 | 43 | 14 years 4 months | Respiratory, Urinary | |
26 | 29 | 12 years 1 month | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal | |
27 | 41 | 12 years 9 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal, Dysphonia | |
28 | 30 | 14 years 4 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Dysphonia | |
29 | 36 | 13 years 3 months | Respiratory, Urinary | curcumin |
30 | 32 | 13 years 1 month | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal | |
31 | 35 | 13 years 1 month | Respiratory, Urinary | |
32 | 35 | 12 years 6 months | Urinary, Fecal | |
33 | 18 | 12 years | Respiratory, Urinary | |
34 | 38 | 12 years 8 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal, Dysphagia | |
35 | 41 | 16 years 8 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal, tongue | curcumin |
36 | 37 | 15 years 10 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal, Dysphonia | curcumin |
37 | 47 | 13 years 6 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Fecal, Dysphonia, Tongue, Trigeminal nerve | curcumin |
38 | 46 | 16 years 1 month | Respiratory, Urinary, Tongue, Dysphonia | curcumin |
39 | 42 | 13 years 5 months | Respiratory, Urinary, Dysphonia, Tongue | curcumin |
40 | 44 | 14 years 8 months | Respiratory, Dysphonia, Tongue, Dysphagia | curcumin |
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Symptoms | Prevalence (%) | Time from Symptom Onset (Range), Month |
---|---|---|
Respiratory disorder | 34/40 (85.0%) | 32 (14–45) |
Urinary disorder | 31/40 (77.5%) | 22 (8–38) |
Fecal disorder | 17/40 (42.5%) | 22 (8–37) |
Dysphonia | 11/40 (27.5%) | 31 (19–38) |
Tongue spasm | 5/40 (12.5%) | 42 (35–43) |
Dysphagia | 4/40 (10.0%) | 34 (31–42) |
Trigeminal nerve paralysis | 1/40 (2.5%) | 47 |
Facial nerve paralysis | 1/40 (2.5%) | 39 |
Time from Symptom Onset | Curcumin (Range), Months | Control (Range), Months | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age at onset of clinical symptom(s) | 127 (105–153) | 128.5 (91–168) | 0.74 |
Difficult weight bearing of hind limbs | 11.5 (8–15) | 5.5 (0–15) | 0.02 |
Nonweight bearing of hind limbs | 15 (7–18) | 8 (0–22) | 0.02 |
Paresis of thoracic limbs | 22.5 (16–30) | 21 (10–37) | 0.27 |
Difficult weight bearing of thoracic limbs | 30 (27–33) | 24 (14–36) | 0.004 |
Nonweight bearing of thoracic limbs | 34.5 (24–41) | 26 (14–40) | 0.007 |
Respiratory failure | 35.5 (14–45) | 31 (17–45) | 0.73 |
Survival time | 43 (36–47) | 34 (18–52) | - |
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Kobatake, Y.; Nakata, K.; Sakai, H.; Sasaki, J.; Yamato, O.; Takashima, S.; Nishii, N.; Maeda, S.; Islam, M.S.; Kamishina, H. The Long-Term Clinical Course of Canine Degenerative Myelopathy and Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin. Vet. Sci. 2021, 8, 192. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8090192
Kobatake Y, Nakata K, Sakai H, Sasaki J, Yamato O, Takashima S, Nishii N, Maeda S, Islam MS, Kamishina H. The Long-Term Clinical Course of Canine Degenerative Myelopathy and Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin. Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 8(9):192. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8090192
Chicago/Turabian StyleKobatake, Yui, Kohei Nakata, Hiroki Sakai, Jun Sasaki, Osamu Yamato, Satoshi Takashima, Naohito Nishii, Sadatoshi Maeda, Md Shafiqul Islam, and Hiroaki Kamishina. 2021. "The Long-Term Clinical Course of Canine Degenerative Myelopathy and Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin" Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 9: 192. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8090192