The Comparative Diagnostic Features of Canine and Human Lymphoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Classification of Canine and Human Lymphoma
2.1. Basic Histologic Approach
2.2. FNAC in the Diagnosis of Lymphoma
2.3. Flow Cytometry in the Diagnosis and Classification of Lymphoproliferative Disorders
3. Precursor Neoplasms
4. T-Cell Neoplasms
4.1. Peripheral T-Cell, Not Otherwise Specified (PTCL, NOS)
4.2. T-Zone Lymphoma
5. B-Cell Neoplasms
5.1. Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
5.2. Marginal Zone Lymphoma
5.2.1. Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma
5.2.2. Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma
5.3. Mantle Cell Lymphoma
5.4. Follicular Lymphoma
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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B-Cell Neoplasms | T-Cell Neoplasms |
---|---|
B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma | T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma |
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma | T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia |
B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia | T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia |
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma | Chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK cells |
Hairy cell leukemia | Aggressive NK-cell leukemia |
Splenic lymphoma/leukemia, unclassifiable | EBV-positive T-cell disease of childhood |
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma | Hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma |
Heavy chain diseases | Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma |
Plasma cell myeloma | Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type |
Solitary plasmacytoma of bone | Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma * |
Extraosseous plasmacytoma | Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma |
MALT lymphoma | Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma |
Nodal marginal zone lymphoma | Mycosis fungoides |
Follicular lymphoma | Sézary syndrome |
Primary cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma | Cutaneous CD30+ T-cell disorders |
Mantle cell lymphoma | Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS |
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma | T-Zone lymphoma ** |
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis | Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma |
Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma | Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive |
Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma | Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative |
ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma | |
Plasmablastic lymphoma | |
Large B-cell lymphoma in Castleman disease | |
Primary effusion lymphoma | |
Burkitt lymphoma | |
B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable |
Disease | Canine | Human | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Histology | Phenotype | Histology | Phenotype | |
Precursor Neoplasms | Architecture: Diffuse | T-cell: CD45+, CD34+/−, CD5+/−, CD3+/−, CD4+/−, CD8− | Architecture: Diffuse | T-cell: CD34+, TdT+, cytoplasmic CD3+, CD5+ |
Cytology: Intermediate sized cells, round nuclei, scant cytoplasm, high mitotic rate. | B-cell: CD45+, CD18+, CD34+/−, CD79a+, CD21+/− | Cytology: Small to large cells, varied cytoplasmic volume, high mitotic rate. | B-cell: CD34+, TdT+, CD19+, CD79a+, sIg− | |
DLBCL | Architecture: Diffuse | CD20+, CD21+, CD45+, CD79a+, Pax5+, MHC II+ | Architecture: Diffuse | sIg+, CD45+, CD20+, CD22+, CD79a+, Pax5+, CD10+/− |
Cytology: Large cells with round nuclei. One (central, immunoblast) or multiple (peripheral, centroblasts) nucleoli. High mitotic rate and “starry sky” appearance. | Cytology: Large cells with round nuclei. Both immunoblasts and centroblasts. High mitotic rate and “starry sky” appearance in a subset. | |||
Mantle Cell Lymphoma | Architecture: Nodular | CD20+, CD21+, CD45+, CD79a+, MHC II+ | Architecture: Nodular or diffuse | sIg+, CD19+, CD20+, CD22+, CD79a+, CD79b+, CD5+, cyclin D1+, CD23−, CD10− |
Cytology: Small to intermediate-sized cells; scant cytoplasm, round nuclei with dense chromatin, and inconspicuous nucleoli. Varied mitotic rate. | Cytology: Very heterogeneous; small to large cells; round to irregular nuclei; varied nucleoli and mitotic rate. | |||
Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma | Architecture: Nodular | CD20+, CD21+, CD45+, CD79a+, MHC II+ | Architecture: Nodular | sIg+, CD20+, IgD+, BCL2+, BCL6−, CD5−, CD10− |
Cytology: Biphasic-Small cells with scant cytoplasm and round nuclei; intermediate-sized cells with abundant cytoplasm and irregular nuclei; rare mitotic figures. | ||||
Cytology: Intermediate-sized cells; abundant pale cytoplasm; irregular nuclei with peripheralized chromatin and, a single nucleolus; rare mitotic figures. | ||||
Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma | Architecture: Nodular | CD20+, CD21+, CD45+, CD79a+, MHC II+ | Architecture: Nodular to diffuse. | sIg+, CD19+, CD20+, CD22+, CD79a+, CD5−, CD10−, BCL6−, and Cyclin D1− |
Cytology: Intermediate-sized cells with pale cytoplasm and irregular nuclei (centrocyte-like) and large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and irregular nuclei (monocytoid). | ||||
Cytology: Mixed. Mostly intermediate-sized cells with pale cytoplasm, irregular nuclei, peripheral chromatin, and one nucleolus. | ||||
Follicular Lymphoma | Architecture: Nodular | CD20+, CD21+, CD45+, CD79a+, MHC II+ | Architecture: Nodular | sIg+, CD45+, CD19+, CD20+, CD22+, CD79a+, Pax5+, CD10+, BCL6+, BCL2+ |
Cytology: Similar to the dog. | ||||
Cytology: Mixed. Mostly small cells with clear cytoplasm, pale chromatin, and inconspicuous nucleoli (centrocytes) with fewer large cells with dark blue cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei, and 1–3 nucleoli (centroblasts). | ||||
T-Cell: | ||||
PTCL-NOS | Architecture: Diffuse | CD3+, CD79a−, CD21−, CD45+, CD5+, CD4+/−, CD8+/− | Architecture: Diffuse | CD3+, CD4+/> CD8+/−, CD7+/−, CD5+/−, CD2+, CD30+/− |
Cytology: Small to large (heterogeneous) with irregular nuclei, variable chromatin, prominent nucleoli, and varied mitotic activity. | Cytology: Small to large (heterogeneous) with irregular nuclei, variable chromatin, prominent nucleoli, and varied mitotic activity. | |||
TZL | Architecture: Nodular | CD45−, CD3+, CD5+, CD21+, CD4+/−, CD8+/− | Histologic Variant of PTCL, NOS | CD2+, CD3+, CD5+, CD4+ |
Cytology: Small to intermediate-sized cells; moderate amount of pale cytoplasm; oval to elliptical nuclei with sharp, shallow indentations; nucleoli and mitotic figures are sparse. | Architecture: Nodular | |||
Cytology: Small to intermediate-sized cells; moderate amount of pale cytoplasm; oval to elliptical nuclei with sharp, shallow indentations; nucleoli and mitotic figures are sparse. |
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Seelig, D.M.; Avery, A.C.; Ehrhart, E.J.; Linden, M.A. The Comparative Diagnostic Features of Canine and Human Lymphoma. Vet. Sci. 2016, 3, 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci3020011
Seelig DM, Avery AC, Ehrhart EJ, Linden MA. The Comparative Diagnostic Features of Canine and Human Lymphoma. Veterinary Sciences. 2016; 3(2):11. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci3020011
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeelig, Davis M., Anne C. Avery, E. J. Ehrhart, and Michael A. Linden. 2016. "The Comparative Diagnostic Features of Canine and Human Lymphoma" Veterinary Sciences 3, no. 2: 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci3020011