Utility of Urinary miRNA Biomarkers for Canine Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnostics
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Dogs and Sampling
2.2. RNA Isolation
2.3. Quantification of miRNA by ddPCR
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Comparative Quantification of miRNA Isolated from Urine Sediment and Cell-Free Supernatant
3.2. Quantification of miRNA in Urine Sediment in Cases of Cystitis and UC Compared to Healthy Controls
3.3. Potential of miRNAs as Biomarkers for UC in Dogs
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Breed | Age (Years) | Sex |
---|---|---|---|
Control n = 18 | 1 Beagle, 1 Chihuahua, 1 Dalmatian, 1 German Wirehaired Pointer, 2 Golden Retrievers, 1 Flat-Coated Retriever, 1 Husky, 1 Magyar Vizsla, 1 Malinois, 1 Pug, 1 Tibetan Terrier, 6 mixed breeds | 1–15 | 1f, 5fc, 6m, 5mc, 1u |
Cystitis n = 11 | 1 Eurasier, 1 French Bulldog, 1 German Shepherd, 1 Golden Retriever, 1 Labrador Retriever, 1 Magyar Agar, 1 Olde English Bulldogge, 1 Rottweiler, 3 mixed breeds | 2–13 | 4f, 2fc, 1m, 4mc |
Carcinoma n = 18 | 1 Border Collie, 1 Boxer, 1 Bullmastiff, 1 English Bulldog, 1 German Spitz, 2 Jack Russell Terriers, 1 Magyar Vizsla, 1 Pug, 1 Scottish Terrier, 1 Shih Tzu, 7 mixed breeds | 6–13 | 3f, 7fc, 4m, 4mc |
miRNA | Controls (n = 7) | Carcinoma (n = 7) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Median | Range | Median | Range | |
16 | 0.9 | 0–16.3 | 0.49 | 0–12.8 |
21 | 11.8 | 0–48.6 | 11.2 | 1.15–185 |
103b | 0 | 0 | ||
106b | 0 | 0 | ||
146 | 0 | 0 | ||
155 | 0 | 0 | ||
182 | 0 | 0 | ||
221 | 0.9 | 0–16.7 | 5.5 | 0.19–29.5 |
222 | 1.01 | 0–2.8 | 1.19 | 0–1.7 |
375 | 0 | 0 |
miRNA | Controls (n = 7) | Carcinoma (n = 7) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Median | Range | Median | Range | |
16 | 124.1 | 24–548 | 10.5 | 1.6–121 |
21 | 343.1 | 45–1047 | 51.1 | 3–253 |
103b | 0 | 0 | ||
106b | 6.9 | 0.5–28 | 0.6 | 0.1–4 |
146 | 0 | 0 | ||
155 | 5.5 | 0.7–23 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.8 |
182 | 3.3 | 0.1–8 | 0.5 | 0.1–1.3 |
221 | 72.2 | 18–418 | 5.8 | 0.8–54 |
222 | 28.5 | 7–102 | 2.9 | 0.1–23 |
375 | 3.8 | 0.6–10 | 0.5 | 0.1–1.3 |
Tukey | ANOVA | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control vs. Cystitis | Control vs. Carcinoma | Cystitis vs. Carcinoma | Control/Cystitis vs. Carcinoma | Control vs. Cystitis/Carcinoma | Control/Carcinoma vs. Cystitis | |
miR-16 | 0.210 | 0.896 | 0.380 | 0.763 | 0.274 | 0.095 |
miR-21 | <0.001 | 0.167 | <0.001 | 0.655 | 0.002 | <0.001 |
miR-106b | <0.001 | 0.030 | 0.067 | 0.506 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
miR-155 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.005 | 0.042 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
miR-182 | <0.001 | 0.727 | <0.001 | 0.044 | 0.004 | <0.001 |
miR-221 | <0.001 | 0.049 | <0.001 | 0.525 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
miR-222 | <0.001 | 0.172 | <0.001 | 0.256 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
miR-375 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.691 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
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Kehl, A.; Aupperle-Lellbach, H.; Brockmann, M.; Weyer, A.-L.v.d.; Appenzeller, M.; Steiger, K. Utility of Urinary miRNA Biomarkers for Canine Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnostics. Vet. Sci. 2025, 12, 621. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12070621
Kehl A, Aupperle-Lellbach H, Brockmann M, Weyer A-Lvd, Appenzeller M, Steiger K. Utility of Urinary miRNA Biomarkers for Canine Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnostics. Veterinary Sciences. 2025; 12(7):621. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12070621
Chicago/Turabian StyleKehl, Alexandra, Heike Aupperle-Lellbach, Maria Brockmann, Anna-Lena van de Weyer, Marielle Appenzeller, and Katja Steiger. 2025. "Utility of Urinary miRNA Biomarkers for Canine Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnostics" Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 7: 621. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12070621
APA StyleKehl, A., Aupperle-Lellbach, H., Brockmann, M., Weyer, A.-L. v. d., Appenzeller, M., & Steiger, K. (2025). Utility of Urinary miRNA Biomarkers for Canine Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnostics. Veterinary Sciences, 12(7), 621. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12070621