Comparison of Two Surgical Techniques Based on the Semitendinosus Myocutaneous Flap in Cats
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cats
2.2. Study Design
2.3. Presurgical Management
2.4. Surgical Procedure
2.5. Postoperative Management
2.6. Clinical Assessment Scoring
2.7. Planimetry
2.8. CT-Angiography
2.9. Histological Evaluation of the ST and SST Myocutaneous Flaps
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Clinical Assessment Scoring
3.2. Planimetry
3.3. CT-Angiography
3.4. Histological Evaluation of the ST and SST Myocutaneous Flaps
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clinical Assessment Score | Day 7 | Day 14 | Day 21 | Day 30 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Group A | 8.5 (3–10) | 7.5 (0–27) | 7 (0–22) | 0 (0–19) |
Group B | 10 (7–15) | 12.5 (8–18) | 11.5 (0–20) | 7 (0–18) |
Planimetric Measurements | Group A | Group B |
---|---|---|
Flap width (cm) | 1.64 ± 0.30 | 1.49 ± 0.23 |
Flap length (cm) | 7.27 ± 0.46 | 6.95 ± 0.42 |
Initial total flap area (cm2) | 11.79 ± 1.44 | 9.06 ± 1.47 |
% final total flap area | 68.36 ± 27.18 | 51.83 ± 22.48 |
% flap necrosis on day 7 | 12.39 ± 27.03 | 12.13 ± 22.39 |
% flap necrosis on day 14 | 28 ± 26 | 34.83 ± 17.23 |
% flap necrosis on day 21 | 21.07 ± 28.23 | 16.57 ± 24.04 |
% flap necrosis on day 30 | 8.52 ± 16.33 | 0.63 ± 2.34 |
Parameters | Day 0 | Day10 | Day 30 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Muscle length (cm) | group A | 10.76 ± 0.97 | NA | NA |
group B | 11.03 ± 0.3 | NA | NA | |
Muscle width day 0 (cm) | group A | 2.11 ± 0.19 | 2.25 ± 0.26 | 2.16 ± 0.2 |
group B | 1.97 ± 0.11 | NA | NA | |
Proximal gluteal artery caliber (mm) | group A | 0.85 ± 0.02 | NA | NA |
group B | 0.84 ± 0.02 | 1.02 ± 0.05 | 0.86 ± 0.02 | |
Proximal gluteal vein caliber (mm) | group A | 1.25 ± 0.05 | NA | NA |
group B | 1.25 ± 0.02 | 1.41 ± 0.13 | 1.28 ± 0.02 | |
Distal caudal femoral artery caliber (mm) | group A | 0.86 ± 0.05 | 1.03 ± 0.04 | 0.86 ± 0.03 |
group B | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 1.02 ± 0.04 | 0.89 ± 0.04 | |
Distal caudal femoral vein caliber (mm) | group A | 1.26 ± 0.03 | 1.50 ± 0.04 | 1.26 ± 0.19 |
group B | 1.25 ± 0.02 | 1.40 ± 0.05 | 1.27 ± 0.02 | |
Muscle density-proximal point when no contrast agent given (dP) (HU) | group A | 52.49 ± 3.73 | 57.89 ± 3.3 | 55.98 ± 3.24 |
group B | 52.38 ± 2.34 | 56.00 ± 2.54 | 54.46 ± 2.47 | |
Muscle density-medial point when no contrast agent given (dM) (HU) | group A | 54.05 ± 3.72 | 55.02 ± 3.3 | 54.39 ± 3.26 |
group B | 54.35 ± 1.85 | 55.05 ± 2.16 | 53.36 ± 2.17 | |
Muscle density-distal point when no contrast agent given (dD) (HU) | group A | 52.94 ± 3.71 | 54.17 ± 3.16 | 51.85 ± 3.77 |
group B | 53.16 ± 2.45 | 53.45 ± 2.2 | 52.13 ± 1.99 | |
Muscle density on the proximal point—arterial phase (dPa) (HU) | group A | 67.49 ± 5.52 | 87.63 ± 4.93 | 81.87 ± 3.28 |
group B | 65.08 ± 3.65 | 85.39 ± 4.09 | 80.46 ± 2.72 | |
Muscle density on the medial point—arterial phase (dMa) (HU) | group A | 71.92 ± 5.05 | 79.50 ± 2.70 | 74.31 ± 2.6 |
group B | 69.52 ± 3.87 | 79.07 ± 2.03 | 74.67 ± 1.94 | |
Muscle density on the distal point—arterial phase (dDa) (HU) | group A | 69.3 ± 5.36 | 71.88 ± 1.76 | 67.87 ± 2.12 |
group B | 66.98 ± 3.54 | 66.77 ± 8.82 | 63.42 ± 8.15 | |
Muscle density on the proximal point—venous phase (dPv) (HU) | group A | 73.65 ± 5.47 | 93.88 ± 5.7 | 87.40 ± 3.59 |
group B | 71.20 ± 4.59 | 92.69 ± 4.83 | 86.89 ± 2.88 | |
Muscle density on the medial point—venous phase (dMv) (HU) | group A | 78.21 ± 6.73 | 84.25 ± 2.92 | 78.11 ± 2.53 |
group B | 74.19 ± 3.44 | 86.50 ± 4.12 | 79.42 ± 2.18 | |
Muscle density on the distal point—venous phase (dDv) (HU) | group A | 75.23 ± 5.15 | 78.92 ± 2.43 | 73.22 ± 1.47 |
group B | 72.62 ± 4 | 76.52 ± 4.38 | 70.63 ± 5.83 |
Histological Parameters | Day 0 (n = 12) | Day 14 (n = 12) | 6 Months (n = 6) | 12 Months (n = 6) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inflammation | group A | 0 (0) | 2 (0–2) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–2) |
group B | 0 (0) | 2 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–2) | |
Degeneration/Necrosis | group A | 2 (1–2) | 3 (0–3) | 2 (1–2) | 1 (0–3) |
group B | 2 (1–3) | 3 (1–3) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | |
Neovascularization | group A | 0 (0) | 0,5 (0–2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0–1) |
group B | 0 (0) | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0–1) | |
Fibrosis | group A | 0 (0) | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) |
group B | 0 (0) | 0 (0–3) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | |
Edema | group A | 1 (0–1) | 1 (1–2) | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–2) |
group B | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) |
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Dermisiadou, E.; Panopoulos, I.; Psalla, D.; Georgiou, S.; Sideri, A.; Galatos, A.; Tsioli, V. Comparison of Two Surgical Techniques Based on the Semitendinosus Myocutaneous Flap in Cats. Vet. Sci. 2024, 11, 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010006
Dermisiadou E, Panopoulos I, Psalla D, Georgiou S, Sideri A, Galatos A, Tsioli V. Comparison of Two Surgical Techniques Based on the Semitendinosus Myocutaneous Flap in Cats. Veterinary Sciences. 2024; 11(1):6. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleDermisiadou, Eleftheria, Ioannis Panopoulos, Dimitra Psalla, Stefanos Georgiou, Aikaterini Sideri, Apostolos Galatos, and Vassiliki Tsioli. 2024. "Comparison of Two Surgical Techniques Based on the Semitendinosus Myocutaneous Flap in Cats" Veterinary Sciences 11, no. 1: 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010006