Correlation between Babesia Species Affecting Dogs in Taiwan and the Local Distribution of the Vector Ticks
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Animal and Tick Collections
2.2. Multiplex-Nested PCR Amplification of the B. gibsoni 18S rRNA Gene
2.3. Phylogenetic Analysis of Babesia gibsoni from Seven Samples with Different Anaemic Severity
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total | R. sanguineus a | H. hystricis b | R. haemaphysaloides c | I. ovatus d | R. sanguineus a + H. hystricis b | R. sanguineus a + H. hystricis b + A. testudinarium e | H. hystrici b + A. testudinarium e | R. sanguineus a + R. haemaphysaloides c | R. sanguineus a + H. hystricis b + I. ovatus d | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Northern | 261 | 185 | 53 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
(70.9%) | (20.3%) | (0%) | (0.4%) | (4.6%) | (1.9%) | (1.1%) | (0.4%) | (0.4%) | ||
Central | 83 | 78 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
(94%) | (3.6%) | (1.2%) | (0%) | (0%) | (0%) | (0%) | (1.2%) | (0%) | ||
Southern | 44 | 44 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
(100%) | (0%) | (0%) | (0%) | (0%) | (0%) | (0%) | (0%) | (0%) |
(a) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dogs Infested with Tick Species | p-Value | Relative Risk (95% CI) | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | ||
H. hystricis | Others | ||||
B. gibsoni | <0.001 | 6.042 (3.93–9.28) | 12.23 (6.2–24.15) | ||
+ | 27 | 22 | |||
− | 29 | 289 | |||
B. vogeli | 0.326 | ||||
+ | 3 | 31 | |||
− | 53 | 270 | |||
(b) | |||||
Dogs Infested with Tick Species | p-Value | Relative Risk (95% CI) | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | ||
R. sanguineus | Others | ||||
B. gibsoni | <0.001 | 0.456 (0.33–0.64) | 0.076 (0.04–0.15) | ||
+ | 21 | 30 | |||
− | 287 | 31 | |||
B. vogeli | 0.481 | ||||
+ | 31 | 4 | |||
− | 276 | 57 |
Item | Total | Nonanemia | Mild | Moderate | Severe | Reference | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of dogs | 61 | 8 (13.1%) | 18 (29.5%) | 23 (37.7%) | 12 (19.7%) | ||
Red blood cell count | M/μL | 4.62 ± 1.28 | 6.67 ± 0.85 | 5.20 ± 0.56 | 4.02 ± 0.58 | 2.62 ± 0.40 | 5.5–8.5 |
Hematocrit | % | 28.7 ± 9.1 | 44.6 ± 7.4 | 33.4 ± 2.2 | 25.2 ± 2.9 | 17.14 ± 2.15 | 37–55 |
Hemoglobin | g/dL | 10.38 ± 2.80 | 14.66 ± 2.15 | 11.81 ± 1.24 | 9.00 ± 1.15 | 6.13 ± 0.80 | 12.0–18.0 |
Mean corpuscular volume | fL | 62.9 ± 3.94 | 64.3 ± 4.38 | 62.2 ± 2.07 | 62.5 ± 4.44 | 65.87 ± 5.84 | 60–72 |
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin | Pg | 22.6 ± 1.38 | 21.9 ± 1.68 | 22.6 ± 0.94 | 22.6 ± 1.57 | 23.62 ± 1.52 | 19.5–25.5 |
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration | g/dL | 35.9 ± 1.51 | 34.2 ± 1.07 | 36.4 ± 1.41 | 36.0 ± 1.50 | 35.82 ± 1.34 | 32–38.5 |
Red cell distribution width | % | 17.4 ± 1.67 | 17.7 ± 2.36 | 18.3 ± 5.35 | 17.5 ± 2.00 | 17.94 ± 1.39 | 12.0–17.5 |
White blood cell count | /μL | 13,150 ± 5434 | 16,847 ± 6765 | 12,394 ± 5016 | 12,939 ± 4986.9 | 12,000 ± 4889 | 6000–17,000 |
Neutrophil | /μL | 8967 ± 4878 | 11,292 ± 6525 | 8384 ± 4385 | 8869 ± 4636 | 8581 ± 4167 | 2950–11,640 |
Lymphocyte | /μL | 2277 ± 1307 | 2809 ± 2705 | 2027 ± 893 | 2236 ± 993 | 1208 ± 790 | 1050–5100 |
Monocyte | /μL | 1435 ± 955 | 2379 ± 1350 | 1539 ± 945 | 1191 ± 631 | 851 ± 562 | 160–1120 |
Eosinophil | /μL | 399 ± 538 | 373 ± 465 | 424 ± 603 | 473 ± 582 | 132 ± 179 | 60–1230 |
Platelets | K/μL | 169 ± 94 | 158 ± 68.0 | 185 ± 102.3 | 195 ± 106 | 155 ± 225 | 200–500 |
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Su, B.-L.; Liu, P.-C.; Fang, J.-C.; Jongejan, F. Correlation between Babesia Species Affecting Dogs in Taiwan and the Local Distribution of the Vector Ticks. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 227. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10030227
Su B-L, Liu P-C, Fang J-C, Jongejan F. Correlation between Babesia Species Affecting Dogs in Taiwan and the Local Distribution of the Vector Ticks. Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 10(3):227. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10030227
Chicago/Turabian StyleSu, Bi-Ling, Pin-Chen Liu, Jou-Chien Fang, and Frans Jongejan. 2023. "Correlation between Babesia Species Affecting Dogs in Taiwan and the Local Distribution of the Vector Ticks" Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 3: 227. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10030227