Gridded Population Maps Informed by Different Built Settlement Products
Abstract
:1. Summary
2. Data Description
3. Methods
3.1. Preprocessing of Input Data
3.1.1. Census Data
3.1.2. Built Area Data
3.1.3. Additional Ancillary Data
3.2. Data Production Workflow
3.3. Model Types and Construction
3.4. Technical Validation
3.5. Assessment of Gridded Population Datasets
4. User Notes
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type | Country | ISO | Census Year (Adm. Lvl.) | Admin Units | Total Pop | ASR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Finest Available | Haiti | HTI | 2015 (3) | 570 | 10,911,819 | 6.9 |
Madagascar | MDG | 2006 (4) | 17,459 | 20,966,899 | 5.8 | |
Malawi | MWI | 2008 (3) | 12,666 | 13,053,968 | 2.7 | |
Nepal | NPL | 2011 (4) | 36,042 | 26,246,586 | 2.0 | |
Rwanda | RWA | 2002 (4) | 9192 | 9,482,511 | 1.7 | |
Thailand | THA | 2010 (3) | 7416 | 64,978,504 | 8.3 | |
2/3 Aggregate | Haiti | HTI | 2015 | 380 | 10,911,819 | 8.4 |
Madagascar | MDG | 2006 | 11,639 | 20,966,899 | 7.1 | |
Malawi | MWI | 2008 | 8444 | 13,053,968 | 3.4 | |
Nepal | NPL | 2011 | 24,028 | 26,246,586 | 2.5 | |
Rwanda | RWA | 2002 | 6128 | 9,482,511 | 2.0 | |
Thailand | THA | 2010 | 4944 | 64,978,504 | 10.2 |
Built Dataset | Year | Source | Nominal Resolution | Citation |
---|---|---|---|---|
WSF | 2015 | Landsat 8, Sentinel1 | 10 m | [24] |
GHSL | 2014 | Landsat 8 | 38 m | [25] |
HRSL | 2015 | DigitalGlobe | 0.5 m | [26] |
Model | Name | Description | Raster Type | Output Maps |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Binary Dasymetric | Redistribution of population into built areas. | Built Area Restricted | 24 |
2 | Random Forest + Dasymetric | Redistribution of population across weighted surface. | Continuous | 6 |
3 | Hybrid | Redistribution of population into weighted built areas. | Built Area Restricted | 24 |
Description | Data Source, Year | Nominal Resolution | Citation | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Categorical | Cultivated Terrestrial Lands | ESA CCI Land cover, 2010 | 10 arc-second | [30] |
Woody/Trees | ||||
Shrubs | ||||
Herbaceous | ||||
Other Terrestrial Vegetation | ||||
Aquatic Vegetation | ||||
Urban Area | ||||
Bare Area | ||||
Waterbodies | ||||
Continuous Raster | Lights at Night | Suomi VIIRS-Derived, 2012 | 15 arc-second | [31] |
Mean Temperature | WorldClim/BioClim, 1950–2000 | 30 arc-second | [32] | |
Mean Precipitation | WorldClim/BioClim, 1950–2000 | 30 arc-second | ||
Elevation | HydroSHEDS, 2000 | 3 arc-second | [33] | |
Slope | HydroSHEDS, 2000 | |||
Built Distance to Outer Edge | WSF, 2015 | 10 m | [24] | |
Built Distance to Outer Edge | GHSL, 2014 | 38 m | [25] | |
Built Distance to Outer Edge | HRSL, 2015 | 5 m | [26] | |
Converted Vector | Generic Populated Places | VMAP0 merged, 1979–1999 | NA | [34] |
Distance to Protected Areas | WDPA, IUCN, 2012 | [35] | ||
Distance to Roads | OSM, 2017 | [36] | ||
Distance to Rivers/Streams | OSM, 2017 | |||
Distance to Waterbodies | OSM, 2017 | |||
Cities | OSM, 2017 | |||
Villages | OSM, 2017 | |||
Buildings | OSM, 2017 |
Model | Built Area | RMSE | MAE | RMSE Density | MAE Density | Model | Built Area | RMSE | MAE | RMSE Density | MAE Density | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(a) | Dasymetric Masked | HRSL | 12861.2 | 3281 | 8.1 | 1.6 | Haiti | (b) | Dasymetric Masked | HRSL | 777.4 | 245.9 | 32.9 | 3.9 | Madagascar |
Dasymetric Masked | GHSL | 13733.9 | 4807.7 | 8.5 | 2.1 | Dasymetric Masked | GHSL | 1142.1 | 401 | 33.5 | 4.8 | ||||
Dasymetric Masked | WSF | 12206.1 | 4051.2 | 8.3 | 1.8 | Dasymetric Masked | WSF | 887.4 | 371.6 | 34.3 | 4.3 | ||||
Dasymetric Masked | COMBO | 13148.8 | 3341.2 | 8.3 | 1.6 | Dasymetric Masked | COMBO | 835.1 | 252.9 | 36.1 | 4.3 | ||||
Random Forest + Dasymetric | 11083.9 | 3021.8 | 7.3 | 1.5 | Random Forest + Dasymetric | 934.5 | 287.9 | 37.6 | 4.7 | ||||||
Hybrid | HRSL | 11935.6 | 3061.9 | 7.9 | 1.5 | Hybrid | HRSL | 727.2 | 256.6 | 37.1 | 3.9 | ||||
Hybrid | GHSL | 12823.1 | 4779 | 8.1 | 2 | Hybrid | GHSL | 1130.1 | 403.3 | 33.1 | 4.8 | ||||
Hybrid | WSF | 12267.5 | 4548.4 | 8.1 | 2 | Hybrid | WSF | 897.2 | 380.4 | 33.7 | 4.3 | ||||
Hybrid | COMBO | 11897.6 | 3116.8 | 7.9 | 1.5 | Hybrid | COMBO | 782.4 | 271.4 | 39.3 | 4.2 | ||||
(c) | Dasymetric Masked | HRSL | 549.1 | 225.2 | 31.1 | 5 | Malawi | (d) | Dasymetric Masked | HRSL | 456.3 | 176.2 | 22 | 3.7 | Nepal |
Dasymetric Masked | GHSL | 722.5 | 337.9 | 28 | 5.5 | Dasymetric Masked | GHSL | 638.2 | 205 | 27.4 | 4.6 | ||||
Dasymetric Masked | WSF | 700.5 | 345 | 27.5 | 5.4 | Dasymetric Masked | WSF | 533 | 217.8 | 23.6 | 4.4 | ||||
Dasymetric Masked | COMBO | 615.4 | 238.3 | 30.4 | 5.3 | Dasymetric Masked | COMBO | 452 | 173.6 | 21.9 | 3.7 | ||||
Random Forest + Dasymetric | 567.6 | 213.6 | 27.7 | 4.8 | Random Forest + Dasymetric | 412.5 | 140.8 | 21.8 | 3.4 | ||||||
Hybrid | HRSL | 529 | 233.7 | 30.2 | 4.9 | Hybrid | HRSL | 452.6 | 186.7 | 22.4 | 3.9 | ||||
Hybrid | GHSL | 699.1 | 340.5 | 27.1 | 5.5 | Hybrid | GHSL | 645.5 | 209 | 27.6 | 4.6 | ||||
Hybrid | WSF | 705.9 | 354.3 | 27.1 | 5.5 | Hybrid | WSF | 540.1 | 224.5 | 23.9 | 4.6 | ||||
Hybrid | COMBO | 545.3 | 236.2 | 28.5 | 4.9 | Hybrid | COMBO | 448.5 | 185.2 | 21.9 | 3.8 | ||||
(e) | Dasymetric Masked | HRSL | 390.9 | 146.7 | 11.3 | 1.7 | Rwanda | (f) | Dasymetric Masked | HRSL | 4040.9 | 1160.3 | 9.8 | 1.5 | Thailand |
Dasymetric Masked | GHSL | 593.3 | 286.3 | 11.7 | 2.7 | Dasymetric Masked | GHSL | 4048.7 | 1493.2 | 9 | 1.5 | ||||
Dasymetric Masked | WSF | 575.1 | 271.7 | 11.9 | 2.7 | Dasymetric Masked | WSF | 3986.7 | 1208.1 | 9.4 | 1.5 | ||||
Dasymetric Masked | COMBO | 398.9 | 149.1 | 11.5 | 1.7 | Dasymetric Masked | COMBO | 4257.1 | 1183.5 | 10.9 | 1.6 | ||||
Random Forest + Dasymetric | 343.4 | 110.3 | 11.1 | 1.4 | Random Forest + Dasymetric | 3802.9 | 1139.5 | 9.9 | 1.4 | ||||||
Hybrid | HRSL | 376.3 | 153.2 | 10.7 | 1.7 | Hybrid | HRSL | 3697.2 | 1278.9 | 8.6 | 1.3 | ||||
Hybrid | GHSL | 595.7 | 291.4 | 11.4 | 2.7 | Hybrid | GHSL | 4279 | 1789 | 8.3 | 1.6 | ||||
Hybrid | WSF | 579 | 273.9 | 11.6 | 2.7 | Hybrid | WSF | 3932.4 | 1462.8 | 8.3 | 1.4 | ||||
Hybrid | COMBO | 386.1 | 157.7 | 11 | 1.7 | Hybrid | COMBO | 3809.1 | 1299.5 | 9.6 | 1.4 | ||||
Model | Built Area | RMSE | MAE | RMSE Density | MAE Density | Model | Built Area | RMSE | MAE | RMSE Density | MAE Density |
Country | Variance Explained | Country | Variance Explained |
---|---|---|---|
Haiti | 52.4 | Nepal | 82.12 |
Madagascar | 78.96 | Thailand | 84.49 |
Malawi | 72.27 | Rwanda | 73.07 |
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Reed, F.J.; Gaughan, A.E.; Stevens, F.R.; Yetman, G.; Sorichetta, A.; Tatem, A.J. Gridded Population Maps Informed by Different Built Settlement Products. Data 2018, 3, 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/data3030033
Reed FJ, Gaughan AE, Stevens FR, Yetman G, Sorichetta A, Tatem AJ. Gridded Population Maps Informed by Different Built Settlement Products. Data. 2018; 3(3):33. https://doi.org/10.3390/data3030033
Chicago/Turabian StyleReed, Fennis J., Andrea E. Gaughan, Forrest R. Stevens, Greg Yetman, Alessandro Sorichetta, and Andrew J. Tatem. 2018. "Gridded Population Maps Informed by Different Built Settlement Products" Data 3, no. 3: 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/data3030033