Relationship Between Scheimpflug-Based Ocular Biomechanics and Myopia Progression in Adolescents

Background/Objectives: To describe the progression of axial and segmental ocular biometric lengths and refractive status in adolescents and study independent associations between these changes and baseline ocular biomechanics. Methods: Prospective cohort of 126 eyes from 63 individuals followed for 2.5 years. Data from general health and lifestyle were collected through a validated questionnaire. Data from ocular biometry (IOL MASTER 700^®), objective refraction, and ocular biomechanics (Corvis ST^®) were collected at baseline and the end of follow-up timepoints. Biomechanical parameters were correlated with the variation in axial length (d_AL), vitreous cavity length (d_VCL), and spherical equivalent (d_SE). Multivariable linear regression models (one eye randomly assigned) adjusted for age, SE, and AL were developed to identify independent associations between baseline biomechanics and d_AL, d_VCL, and d_SE. Results: The cohort of the present work had a mean age of 14.1 ± 2.6 years at baseline. Variations of 0.122 ± 0.17 mm, 0.092 ± 0.17 mm, and −0.32 ± 0.9 D were found in AL, VCL, and SE at follow-up, respectively. Within the multivariable regression models, the biomechanical parameters found to be independently associated with d_AL (model 1), d_VCL (model 2), and d_SE (model 3) were as follows: Model 1—Biomechanically corrected IOP (bIOP), Integrated Radius (IR), and A2 Deflection Area (A2DArea); Model 2—bIOP, IR, and A2DArea; and Model 3—IR and WholeEyeMovementMAxTime (MaxWEMT). Conclusions: The study of ocular biomechanical behavior may play a pivotal role in the risk assessment of ocular elongation and myopic progression. This work found independent associations between ocular biomechanical behavior at baseline and axial and segmental ocular elongation and refractive myopization, mainly including bIOP, IR, and MaxWEMT.