Ozonation of Selected Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in Secondary Effluent—Degradation Kinetics and Environmental Assessment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Test Chemicals and Water Matrices
2.2. Assessment of Ozonation Efficacy
2.2.1. Ozonation Conditions
2.2.2. Determination of Degradation Kinetics
2.2.3. Ecotoxicity Assessment
2.3. Analytical Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Ozonation of PPCPs, Single and in Mixture, in Ultrapure Water
3.2. Ozonation of PPCPs in Municipal Wastewater
3.2.1. PPCPs Removal
3.2.2. COD Removal
3.2.3. Ecotoxicity Evaluation
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MP | PP | PCT | SMX | CBZ | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
k’1 (min−1) | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.42 | 0.45 | 1.56 |
(adj R2) | (0.94) | (0.98) | (0.94) | (0.98) | (0.97) |
k’1,TOD (mg O3−1) | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.28 | 0.38 | 1.12 |
(adj R2) | (0.94) | (0.99) | (0.91) | (0.97) | (0.97) |
MP | PP | PCT | SMX | CBZ | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
k’1 (min−1) (adj R2) | 0.51 (0.98) | 0.50 (0.97) | 0.42 (0.98) | 0.45 (0.95) | 1.56 (0.90) |
k’2 (min−1) (adj R2) | 0.23 (0.98) | 0.25 (0.99) | |||
k’3 (min−1) (adj R2) | 0.25 (0.99) | 0.25 (0.99) | 0.21 (0.99) | ||
k’4 (min−1) (adj R2) | 0.12 (0.94) | 0.12 (0.93) | 0.20 (0.97) | 0.20 (0.98) | |
k’5 (min−1) (adj R2) | 0.12 (0.97) | 0.13 (0.96) | 0.20 (0.98) | 0.19 (0.98) | 0.30 (0.98) |
MP | PP | PCT | SMX | CBZ | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
k’1 (min−1) (adj R2) | 0.20 (0.99) | 0.19 (0.98) | 0.27 (0.96) | 0.13 (0.99) | 0.08 (0.93) |
k’2 (min−1) (adj R2) | 0.15 (0.99) | 0.12 (0.97) | |||
k’3 (min−1) (adj R2) | 0.11 (0.99) | 0.09 (0.99) | 0.09 (0.99) | ||
k’5 (min−1) (adj R2) | 0.13 (0.99) | 0.13 (0.99) | 0.12 (0.99) | 0.10 (0.98) | 0.05 (0.97) |
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Jesus, F.; Domingues, E.; Bernardo, C.; Pereira, J.L.; Martins, R.C.; Gomes, J. Ozonation of Selected Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in Secondary Effluent—Degradation Kinetics and Environmental Assessment. Toxics 2022, 10, 765. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120765
Jesus F, Domingues E, Bernardo C, Pereira JL, Martins RC, Gomes J. Ozonation of Selected Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in Secondary Effluent—Degradation Kinetics and Environmental Assessment. Toxics. 2022; 10(12):765. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120765
Chicago/Turabian StyleJesus, Fátima, Eva Domingues, Carla Bernardo, Joana L. Pereira, Rui C. Martins, and João Gomes. 2022. "Ozonation of Selected Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in Secondary Effluent—Degradation Kinetics and Environmental Assessment" Toxics 10, no. 12: 765. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120765