Application of Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Visualizing Food Components
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. History of MSI and Widely Used Ionization Methods
3. Application of MSI in Food Science and Related Fields
3.1. Lipids
3.2. Carbohydrates
3.3. Proteins and Peptides
3.4. Micronutrients
3.5. Functional Food Factors
3.6. Endogenous Food Toxins and Exogenous Contaminants
3.7. Evaluation of Acidity in Food Product Using MSI
3.8. Imaging of Administered Nutritional Factors
4. Conclusions and Future Outlook
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Instrument | Type of Ionization | Lateral Resolution | Applicable Sample Properties | Favorable Target Molecules |
---|---|---|---|---|
SIMS (secondary ion mass soectrometry) | Sputtering of sample surface with the impact of a high-energy primary ion | >1 µm | solid | Elements, fatty acids, lipids, |
MALDI (matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization) | Laser ablation and desorption/ionization within ablated plume | 5–200 µm | solid | Metabolites, lipids, peptides, carbohydrates |
DESI (desorption electrospray ionization) | Surface extraction and ionization with highly charged electrospray droplets | 50–200 µm | solid, liquid, frozen, and gaseous | Lipids, peptides, small metabolites |
Matrices | Analytes |
---|---|
N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NEDC) | glucose |
3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (AHBA) | glycan |
3-aminoquinoline (3AQ) | glycan |
2-,4-,6-trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) | glycolipids |
N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) | hemicellulose |
1,5-diaminonapthalene (DAN) | lipids |
2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) | lipids |
dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) | lipids, glycan |
2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) | lipids, glycopeptide, polymer |
9-aminoacridine (9-AA) | lipids, metabolites |
3-hydroxypicolinic acid (3HPA) | nucleotides |
anthranilic acid (ANA) | nucleotides |
nicotinic acid (NA) | nucleotides |
picolinic acid (PA) | nucleotides |
sinapinic acid (SA) | peptides, proteins |
α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) | peptides, proteins |
2-(4-hydroxyphenylazo)-benzoic acid (HABA) | polymer |
5-chlorosalycic acid (5CSA) | polymer |
trans-3-indolacrylic acid (IAA) | polymer, aromatic |
nifedipine | polyphenols |
Samples | Imaged Analytes | Instrument/Matrices | Year Published | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Wheat grain | Magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium | SIMS | 2002 | [37] |
Peas (Pisem sativum) | Flavonoids | SIMS | 2010 | [8] |
Wheat grain | Arsenic, selenium | SIMS | 2010 | [9] |
Rice | Minerals | SIMS | 2013 | [10] |
Rice | Iron, sulfur | SIMS | 2014 | [38] |
Broiler meat | Phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol | SIMS | 2016 | [39] |
Corn | Choline, phosphatidylcholine, palmitic acid, phosphatidylinositol | SIMS | 2017 | [7] |
Myristica malabarica seed | Malabaricone C | DESI | 2011 | [40] |
Bovine muscle | Anabolic steroid esters | DESI | 2013 | [41] |
Strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) | Hexose, pelargonidin-3-glucoside | DESI | 2013 | [42] |
Cassava tuber | Hydroxynitrile glucosides | DESI | 2013 | [43] |
Fermented cucumber | Stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, lupeol | DESI | 2016 | [44] |
Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) | Abscisic acid, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid | DESI | 2017 | [45] |
Vanilla pod (Vanilla planifolia) | Vanillin, vanillin glucoside, sucrose | DESI | 2018 | [13] |
Caffea arabica bean | Furan, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural | LDI-DART | 2019 | [46] |
Braeburn apple | Quercitin pentoside, dihexose | MALD/DHB | 2015 | [47] |
Corn seed | ADP, malic acid, sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol | MALDI/DHB | 2015 | [48] |
Crab (Carcinus maenas) | Neuropeptides | MALDI/DHB | 2015 | [49] |
Flax seed | Flax lignans, cyanogenic glucosides, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside | MALDI/DHB | 2015 | [50] |
Wheat Barley | Cell wall polysaccharides | MALDI/DHB, DMA | 2016 | [51] |
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) | Crocins (tetrahexosyl-crocetin, trihexosyl-crocetin) | MALDI/THAP | 2016 | [52] |
Pea seed (Pisum sp.) | Hydroxylated long chain fatty acids | MALDI/THAP | 2016 | [53] |
Panax herbs | Ginsenoside | MALDI/CHCA, DHB | 2016 | [54] |
Barley Grain | Hexose, sucrose, trisaccharide | MALDI/DHB | 2016 | [55] |
Barley Grain | Hordatine B, coumaroylagmatine | MALDI/DHB | 2016 | [56] |
Grape infected with mold | Ochratoxin A, fumonisins | MALDI/CHCA | 2016 | [57] |
Potato | α-solanine, α-chaconine | MALDI/CHCA | 2016 | [58] |
Oilseed rape (Brassica napas) | Phosphatidylcholines, triacylglycerols | MALDI/DHB | 2017 | [59] |
Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) | Lipids | MALDI/MBT, DHB | 2017 | [60] |
Strawberry Fruit | Flavonoids | MALDI/THAP | 2017 | [61] |
Rye plants infected Claviceps purpurea | Alkaloids | MALDI/DHB | 2017 | [62] |
Tomato fruit | Tomatine, esculeoside A, malate, aspartate, glutamate, AMP, caffeic acid | MALDI/DHB, 9-AA | 2017 | [63] |
Pandas ginseng root | Ginsenoside | MALDI/DHB | 2017 | [64] |
Rice root | Cytokinin, abscisic acid | MALDI/CHCA | 2017 | [65] |
Maize seed (Zea mays) | Polysaccharides, triacylglycerols, amino acids, fatty acids, phospholipids, ceramides, hexose phosphate, glycerol phosphate, citrate | MALDI/DAN, DHB, 9-AA | 2017 | [66] |
Camelina sativa seed | Triacylglycerols | MALDI/DHB | 2017 | [67] |
Shijimi clam | selenium species (m/z 534) | MALDI/DHB | 2017 | [68] |
Strawberry | Anthocyanins, sugars, organic acids | MALDI/DHB | 2018 | [69] |
Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) | Abscisic acid, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (detivatized with Girard’s T) | MALDI/DAN, DHB | 2018 | [70] |
Spanish dry-cured ham | Peptides | MALDI/CHCA | 2018 | [71] |
Wheat grain endosperm | Arabinoxylan beta-glucan (hemicellulose) | MALDI/DHB | 2018 | [72] |
Maize root, leaf | Molecules related to glycolysis and TCA cycle | MALDI/DAN, 9-AA | 2018 | [73] |
Maize seed | Rubin, maysin, luteolin/kaempferol, phosphatidylglycerol | MALDI/DHB, DAN, 9-AA | 2018 | [74] |
Oilseed (Brassica napus) | Phosphatidylcholines, triacylglycerols | MALDI/DHB | 2018 | [75] |
Ponkan fruit | 3-AQ as an acidity indicator | MALDI/glycosyl-3-aminoquinoline (Gly-3AQ) | 2018 | [76] |
Chocolate | Catechin | MALDI/CHCA | 2018 | [77] |
Ripe strawberry fruit | Flavian-3-ol species | MALDI/DAN | 2019 | [78] |
Res sea bream (Pagrus major) | Lipids, peptides | MALDI/DHB | 2019 | [79] |
Ham (Biceps femuris muscle) | Peptides | MALDI/CHCA | 2019 | [80] |
Ham (Biceps femuris muscle) | Peptides | MALDI/SA | 2019 | [81] |
Apple | Hexose, sorbitol, sucrose | MALDI/DHB | 2019 | [82] |
Sake rice koji | Glucose | MALDI/NEDC | 2019 | [83] |
Barley seed stressed with salt | Flavonoids, lipids | MALDI/DHB | 2019 | [84] |
Oil seed (Brassica napus) | Lipids | MALDI/DHB | 2019 | [85] |
Pork chop | Sphingomyelin | MALDI/DHB | 2019 | [86] |
Pork chop | Diacyl, alkylacyl, and alkenylacyl phosphatidylcholine | MALDI/DHB | 2020 | [87] |
Giant clams (Tridacna crocea) | Mycosporines | MALDI/DHB | 2020 | [88] |
Soybean | Isoflavones, gamma-tocopherol, spermidine, spermine, arginine | MALDI/DHB | 2020 | [89] |
Cucumber | Procymidone | FT-ICR/ion oxide nanoparticle | 2015 | [90] |
Rhubarb stalk | Anthraquinone derivatives, stilbenes, anthocyanins, flavonoids, polyphenols, organic acids, chromenes, chromanones, chromone glycosides, vitamins | AuNPET LDI/gold nanoparticle | 2017 | [30] |
Garlic (Allium sativum) | Low molecular weight compounds (serine, allyl mercaptan, allyl sulfide etc.) | AuNPET LDI/gold nanoparticle | 2017 | [31] |
Strawberry fruit | Low molecular weight metabolites | AgNPET/Silver nanoparticle | 2019 | [34] |
Maize | Amino acids, endogenous metabolites | MALDI/DAN, DHB, gold nanoparticle | 2019 | [32] |
Maize root seed | Small molecules, neutral lipids | MALDI/DAN, DHB, various metal nanoparticles | 2019 | [33] |
Samples | Imaged Analytes | Instrument/Matrices | Year Published | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Porcine buccal mucosa | Absorbed caffeine and mannitol | MALDI/DAN, DHB | 2018 | [107] |
Eyeball of mice fed with anthocyanins | Anthocyanins | MALDI/DHB | 2018 | [103] |
Rat intestine | Polyphenols absorbed in the intestine | MALDI/DAN, nifedipine | 2019 | [106] |
Murine gastrointestinal tract | Indole derivatives | DIOS | 2019 | [29] |
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Yoshimura, Y.; Zaima, N. Application of Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Visualizing Food Components. Foods 2020, 9, 575. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9050575
Yoshimura Y, Zaima N. Application of Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Visualizing Food Components. Foods. 2020; 9(5):575. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9050575
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoshimura, Yukihiro, and Nobuhiro Zaima. 2020. "Application of Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Visualizing Food Components" Foods 9, no. 5: 575. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9050575