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Volume 14
Issue 23
10.3390/foods14234094
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Extrusion-Blown PBAT/Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) Active Films Incorporated with Grape Seed Extract for Extending the Shelf Life of Peanut Butter

by
Xiaosong Zhai
1,*,
Zhen Guo
1,
Limin Zheng
1,
Fei Zhao
1 and
Rui Zhang
2
1
Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Jia Sixie College of Agriculture, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, China
2
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Foods 2025, 14(23), 4094; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14234094 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 23 October 2025 / Revised: 25 November 2025 / Accepted: 26 November 2025 / Published: 28 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Food Packaging and Preservation)
Versions Notes

Abstract

In this study, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), starch, glycerol, and grape seed extract (GSE) were blended and extruded to fabricate PBAT/thermoplastic starch(TPS)/GSE active films by blow molding. The interaction between GSE and TPS primarily occurred through hydrogen bonding, with little interaction observed with PBAT. The oxygen barrier property of the film was improved by the incorporation of GSE into the films, whereas the mechanical properties slightly decreased. The PBAT/TPS/GSE films had excellent UV blocking properties imparted by PBAT and visible light blocking properties endowed by GSE. The films containing GSE offered antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus by delaying bacterial growth. Also, the GSE-added films exhibited antioxidant activity with strong dose dependence due to the free radical scavenging ability of polyphenolic compounds in GSE. The shelf life of peanut butter packaged with the PBAT/TPS/GSE-5 film was expected to exceed 300 days, which was approximately twice that of LDPE film packaging. The proposed active films had good material properties, functional activities, and excellent ability to prolong the shelf life of peanut butter.
Keywords: poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate); starch; grape seed extract; extrusion blowing; active packaging poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate); starch; grape seed extract; extrusion blowing; active packaging

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhai, X.; Guo, Z.; Zheng, L.; Zhao, F.; Zhang, R. Extrusion-Blown PBAT/Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) Active Films Incorporated with Grape Seed Extract for Extending the Shelf Life of Peanut Butter. Foods 2025, 14, 4094. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14234094

AMA Style

Zhai X, Guo Z, Zheng L, Zhao F, Zhang R. Extrusion-Blown PBAT/Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) Active Films Incorporated with Grape Seed Extract for Extending the Shelf Life of Peanut Butter. Foods. 2025; 14(23):4094. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14234094

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhai, Xiaosong, Zhen Guo, Limin Zheng, Fei Zhao, and Rui Zhang. 2025. "Extrusion-Blown PBAT/Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) Active Films Incorporated with Grape Seed Extract for Extending the Shelf Life of Peanut Butter" Foods 14, no. 23: 4094. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14234094

APA Style

Zhai, X., Guo, Z., Zheng, L., Zhao, F., & Zhang, R. (2025). Extrusion-Blown PBAT/Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) Active Films Incorporated with Grape Seed Extract for Extending the Shelf Life of Peanut Butter. Foods, 14(23), 4094. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14234094

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