Application of Coating Chitosan Derivatives (N,O–Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Chitosan Oligomer Saccharide) in Combination with Polyvinyl Alcohol Solutions to Preserve Fresh Ngoc Linh Ginseng Quality
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Coating Solution Preparation
2.3. Film Preparation
2.4. Coating Processing and Storing Application of NL Ginseng
2.5. Characterizations
2.5.1. Viscosity
2.5.2. pH
2.5.3. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
2.5.4. Tensile Strength
2.5.5. Morphology
2.5.6. Weight Loss
2.5.7. Skin Lightness
2.5.8. Sensory Evaluation
2.5.9. The Total Phytochemical Components
2.5.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Analysis of Coating Solutions
3.1.1. Chemical Functional Groups
3.1.2. pH
3.1.3. Viscosity and Film-Forming Capability
3.2. Analysis of Film’s Characteristics
3.2.1. Morphology Property
3.2.2. Mechanical Property
3.3. Preservation Results of NL Ginseng
3.3.1. Appearance of NL Ginseng after Preservation
3.3.2. Skin Lightness and Weight Loss of NL Ginseng during Preservation
3.3.3. Sensory Evaluation of NL Ginseng during Preservation
3.3.4. Phytochemical Components of NL Ginseng during Preservation
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Concentration | pH | Viscosity (cP) | Remarks | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NOCC (w/v) | COS (v/v) | Chitosan (w/v) | PVA (w/v) | ||||
NOCC4 | 4% | - | - | - | 7.4 | 1700 | Good film |
NOCC1 | 1% | - | - | - | 7.4 | None | Phase separation |
NOCC1–PVA6 | 1% | - | - | 6% | 7.4 | 240 | Good film |
COS1 | - | 1% | - | - | 4.2 | None | Non film |
COS1–PVA6 | 1% | - | - | 6% | 4.6 | 185 | Peeling problem |
CS2 | - | - | 2% | - | 5.6 | None | Phase separation |
PVA6 | - | - | - | 6% | 6.5 | 25 | Good film |
Sample | Stress at Break (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) |
---|---|---|
NOCC4 | 4.46 ± 0.137 | 0.87 ± 0.0347 |
NOCC1–PVA6 | 4.68 ± 0.2433 | 6.84 ± 0.378 |
COS1–PVA6 | 4.38 ± 0.1755 | 11.72 ± 0.574 |
PVA6 | 2.11 ± 0.046 | 20.51 ± 0.563 |
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Nguyen, N.; Nguyen, T.; Le Hong, P.; Ta, T.K.H.; Phan, B.T.; Ngoc, H.N.T.; Bich, H.P.T.; Yen, N.D.; Van, T.V.; Nguyen, H.T.; et al. Application of Coating Chitosan Derivatives (N,O–Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Chitosan Oligomer Saccharide) in Combination with Polyvinyl Alcohol Solutions to Preserve Fresh Ngoc Linh Ginseng Quality. Foods 2023, 12, 4012. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12214012
Nguyen N, Nguyen T, Le Hong P, Ta TKH, Phan BT, Ngoc HNT, Bich HPT, Yen ND, Van TV, Nguyen HT, et al. Application of Coating Chitosan Derivatives (N,O–Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Chitosan Oligomer Saccharide) in Combination with Polyvinyl Alcohol Solutions to Preserve Fresh Ngoc Linh Ginseng Quality. Foods. 2023; 12(21):4012. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12214012
Chicago/Turabian StyleNguyen, Ngoc, Trieu Nguyen, Phu Le Hong, Thi Kieu Hanh Ta, Bach Thang Phan, Hanh Nguyen Thi Ngoc, Hang Phung Thi Bich, Nhi Dinh Yen, Toi Vo Van, Hiep Thi Nguyen, and et al. 2023. "Application of Coating Chitosan Derivatives (N,O–Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Chitosan Oligomer Saccharide) in Combination with Polyvinyl Alcohol Solutions to Preserve Fresh Ngoc Linh Ginseng Quality" Foods 12, no. 21: 4012. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12214012