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Volume 11
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10.3390/foods11040574
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Article

Whey Proteins-Fortified Milk with Adjusted Casein to Whey Proteins Ratio Improved Muscle Strength and Endurance Exercise Capacity without Lean Mass Accretion in Rats

by
Eun Woo Jeong
1,
Gyu Ri Park
1,
Jiyun Kim
1,
Youjin Baek
1,
Gwang-woong Go
2,* and
Hyeon Gyu Lee
1,*
1
Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
2
Korean Living Science Research Center, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Foods 2022, 11(4), 574; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11040574
Submission received: 25 December 2021 / Revised: 12 February 2022 / Accepted: 13 February 2022 / Published: 16 February 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Pretreatment on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties of Milk Protein)
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Abstract

This study investigated the effects of the casein to whey proteins (CW) ratio in milk on body composition, muscle strength, and endurance exercise capacity in rats. Thirty rats were assigned into five groups, and each treatment was administered for eight weeks: (1) control (isocaloric lactose supplementation), (2) CW8:2 (regular milk), (3) CW6:4, (4) CW5:5, and (5) nitrogen-free (lactose). The milk concentration was converted from a human equivalent dose (400 mL/60 kg body weight/day). All the milk-administered groups showed significantly greater growth performance, including body weight and weight gain compared to the isocaloric lactose control (p < 0.05). However, different CW ratios in milk had no effect on growth performance. Additionally, body composition, i.e., lean body mass and adiposity, was not affected by the CW ratio. Interestingly, CW6:4 and CW5:5 had significantly higher plasma branched-chain amino acids concentrations than control and CW8:2 (p < 0.05). In addition, CW5:5 showed significantly increased grip strength by 12–24% and time to exhaustion by 8–62% compared to the other groups (p < 0.05), indicating that the higher whey proteins ratio improved physical performance. We concluded that whey proteins-fortified milk enhances muscle strength and endurance exercise capacity without altering lean mass in rats.
Keywords: milk protein; endurance exercise capacity; muscle strength; whey proteins-fortified milk; casein to whey proteins ratio milk protein; endurance exercise capacity; muscle strength; whey proteins-fortified milk; casein to whey proteins ratio

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jeong, E.W.; Park, G.R.; Kim, J.; Baek, Y.; Go, G.-w.; Lee, H.G. Whey Proteins-Fortified Milk with Adjusted Casein to Whey Proteins Ratio Improved Muscle Strength and Endurance Exercise Capacity without Lean Mass Accretion in Rats. Foods 2022, 11, 574. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11040574

AMA Style

Jeong EW, Park GR, Kim J, Baek Y, Go G-w, Lee HG. Whey Proteins-Fortified Milk with Adjusted Casein to Whey Proteins Ratio Improved Muscle Strength and Endurance Exercise Capacity without Lean Mass Accretion in Rats. Foods. 2022; 11(4):574. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11040574

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeong, Eun Woo, Gyu Ri Park, Jiyun Kim, Youjin Baek, Gwang-woong Go, and Hyeon Gyu Lee. 2022. "Whey Proteins-Fortified Milk with Adjusted Casein to Whey Proteins Ratio Improved Muscle Strength and Endurance Exercise Capacity without Lean Mass Accretion in Rats" Foods 11, no. 4: 574. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11040574

APA Style

Jeong, E. W., Park, G. R., Kim, J., Baek, Y., Go, G.-w., & Lee, H. G. (2022). Whey Proteins-Fortified Milk with Adjusted Casein to Whey Proteins Ratio Improved Muscle Strength and Endurance Exercise Capacity without Lean Mass Accretion in Rats. Foods, 11(4), 574. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11040574

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