Application of FTIR-PAS in Rapid Assessment of Rice Quality under Climate Change Conditions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Site
2.2. T-FACE Facility
2.3. Crop Cultivation and Experimental Treatment
2.4. Spectra Recording
2.4.1. FTIR-PAS Spectra Acquisition
2.4.2. Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
2.4.3. Diffuse Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
2.5. Chemical Methods
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Spectral Characterization
3.2. Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
3.3. Curve Fitting through Deconvolution
3.4. Detection of Rice Nutritional Parameters
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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FTIR-PAS | FTIR-ATR | DRIFT | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wavelength (cm−1) | Assignment | Profiling Depth (μm) | Wavelength (cm−1) | Assignment | Wavelength (cm−1) | Assignment |
3600–3000 | -O-H/-N-H | 5.26–5.76 | 3600–3000 | -O-H/-N-H | 3843 | -O-H |
2920 | -C-H | 5.84 | 2920 | -C-H | 3735 | -N-H |
1750 | -C=O | 7.54 | 2850 | -C-H | 3618 | -N-H |
1650 | amide I/-O-H/-C=C | 7.77 | 1750 | -C=O | 2920 | -C-H |
1545 | amide II | 8.07 | 1650 | amide I/-O-H/-C=C | 2850 | -C-H |
1460 | -C-O-O/-C-H | 8.26 | 1530 | amide II | 1750 | -C=O |
1340 | -C-H | 8.62 | 1460 | -C-O-O/-C-H | 1650 | amide I/-O-H/-C=C |
1240 | amideIII/-CH2OH | 8.96 | 1340 | -C-H | 1530 | amide II |
1150 | -C-O/-C-C | 9.30 | 1240 | amideIII/-CH2OH | 1460 | -C-O-O/-C-H |
1080 | -C-O-H | 9.60 | 1150 | -C-O/-C-C | 1080 | -C-O-H |
1010 | -C-O-C/-C-O | 9.93 | 1080 | -C-O-H | 930 | α-1,4 glycosidic linkage |
930 | α-1,4 glycosidic linkage | 10.34 | 1010 | -C-O-C/-C-O | ||
930 | α-1,4 glycosidic linkage |
Coefficient of Variation | FTIR-PAS | FTIR-ATR | DRIFT | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I1080 | I1545 | I1650 | I1750 | I1080 | I1530 | I1650 | I1750 | I1080 | I1530 | I1650 | I1750 | ||
Within group | aCaT | 0.032 | 0.058 | 0.041 | 0.057 | 0.075 | 0.112 | 0.035 | 0.143 | 0.111 | 0.218 | 0.157 | 0.140 |
aCeT | 0.051 | 0.067 | 0.043 | 0.066 | 0.094 | 0.121 | 0.034 | 0.037 | 0.089 | 0.437 | 0.245 | 0.065 | |
eCaT | 0.067 | 0.099 | 0.091 | 0.051 | 0.125 | 0.154 | 0.050 | 0.310 | 0.127 | 0.555 | 0.349 | 0.152 | |
eCeT | 0.057 | 0.100 | 0.113 | 0.061 | 0.150 | 0.167 | 0.161 | 0.152 | 0.097 | 0.337 | 0.307 | 0.113 | |
Among groups | 0.135 | 0.143 | 0.137 | 0.072 | 0.192 | 0.154 | 0.181 | 0.144 | 0.128 | 0.759 | 0.163 | 0.764 |
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Wei, L.; Ma, F.; Du, C. Application of FTIR-PAS in Rapid Assessment of Rice Quality under Climate Change Conditions. Foods 2021, 10, 159. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010159
Wei L, Ma F, Du C. Application of FTIR-PAS in Rapid Assessment of Rice Quality under Climate Change Conditions. Foods. 2021; 10(1):159. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010159
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei, Lianlian, Fei Ma, and Changwen Du. 2021. "Application of FTIR-PAS in Rapid Assessment of Rice Quality under Climate Change Conditions" Foods 10, no. 1: 159. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010159