A Scientometric Assessment of Agri-Food Technology for Research Activity and Productivity
Abstract
:1. Current Issues in Agri-Food Industry and Technology
2. Scientific and Technology Opportunities based on Scientometric Analysis
- What trends, technologies, and market opportunities exist in terms of technology clusters, sectors, and fields, and how are they interrelated?
- Who are the active players (i.e., countries and assignees) and what are the dynamics of patent activities to explore the research landscape?
3. Methodology and Data
3.1. Data Source
3.2. Data Cleaning
3.3. Data Analysis
3.4. Data Visualization
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Evolution over Time
4.2. Technology Topic Analysis
4.2.1. Overall Technological Development
4.2.2. Technological Sectors and Fields
4.3. Country-Level Analysis
4.3.1. Countries’ Productivity
4.3.2. Market Opportunities by International Patent Filings
4.4. Assignee-Level Analysis
4.4.1. Assignees’ Productivity
4.4.2. Market Opportunities by Number of Citations
4.4.3. Collaboration Opportunities
5. Implications
5.1. Technology Development Opportunities
5.2. Collaboration Opportunities
5.3. Innovation Ecosystem
5.4. Limitations and Recommendations for Scientometric Analysis
6. Conclusions and Future Research
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
No. | IPC Subgroups | Number of Records | % Share | Meaning |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | A23B 7/154 | 390 | 4.2% | Organic compounds; microorganisms; enzymes |
2 | A23B 7/16 | 262 | 2.8% | Coating with a protective layer; compositions or apparatus therefor |
3 | A23L 19/00 | 235 | 2.5% | Products from fruits or vegetables; preparation or treatment thereof |
4 | A23B 7/157 | 229 | 2.4% | Inorganic compounds |
5 | A23B 7/00 | 199 | 2.1% | Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables |
6 | A23B 7/04 | 198 | 2.1% | Freezing; subsequent thawing; cooling |
7 | A23B 7/153 | 164 | 1.7% | Preserving or ripening with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids |
8 | A23B 7/10 | 144 | 1.5% | Preserving with acids; acid fermentation |
9 | A23B 7/148 | 126 | 1.3% | Preserving or ripening with chemicals in a controlled atmosphere, e.g., partial vacuum |
10 | A01F 25/00 | 100 | 1.1% | Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; hanging-up harvested fruit |
Cluster | Technology Sector | Examples of Patent Titles and IPC Subclass Codes |
---|---|---|
1 | Chemistry |
|
2 | Mechanical engineering |
|
3 | Instruments |
|
4 | Electrical engineering |
|
5 | Other fields |
|
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TLC Stage | Number of Patents | Mean Value of the Duration (years) | Standard Deviation | Standard Error Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|
Emerging | 328 | 3.18 | 2.07 | 0.11 |
Growth | 2188 | 2.39 | 1.97 | 0.04 |
Variance Assumption | Levene’s Test | t-Test | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
F-Value | p-Value | t | p-Value | |
Equal variances assumed | 12.436 | .000 | 6.708 | .000 |
Equal variances not assumed | - | - | 6.459 | .000 |
Cluster | Technology Sector | Technology Field | IPC Subclass Codes |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Chemistry | Food chemistry | A01H, A21D, A23B, A23C, A23D, A23F, A23G, A23K, A23L, C12C, C12G, C12H, C12J |
Basic materials chemistry | A01N, A01P, C05B, C05D, C05F, C05G, C09D, C09J, C09K, C10M, C11B, C11D, C99Z | ||
Pharmaceuticals | A61K, A61P | ||
Organic fine chemistry | A61K, A61Q, C07C, C07D, C07F, C07H | ||
Chemical engineering | B01D, B01J, B07B, B07C, B08B, D06B, F26B | ||
Environmental technology | B01D, B09B, B09C, C02F | ||
Surface and coating | B05D, B32B | ||
Micro-structural and nanotechnology | B82Y | ||
Materials and metallurgy | C01B, C01F | ||
Biotechnology | C07G, C07K, C12N, C12P, C12Q, C12R, C12S | ||
Macromolecular chemistry and polymers | C08B, C08F, C08G, C08K, C08L | ||
2 | Mechanical engineering | Other special machines | A01C, A01D, A01F, A01G, A01K, A22C, A23N, A23P, B29B, B29C, B29D, C08J |
Machine tools | A62D, B23K, B26D | ||
Engines, pumps, turbines | B31B, B41J, D01D, D01F, D06M, D21B, D21H | ||
Transport | B60H, B60P, B60S, B61B, B61K, B62B, B62D | ||
Handling | B65B, B65D | ||
Thermal processes and apparatus | F24F, F24J, F24S, F25B, F25C, F28D | ||
3 | Instruments | Medical technology | A61H, A61J, A61L, G16H |
Measurement | G01D, G01K, G01N | ||
Analysis of biological materials | G01N | ||
Control | G05B, G05D, G07F | ||
4 | Electrical engineering | Electrical machinery | F21K, F21S, F21V, F21Y, H01H, H02J, H05B |
Computer technology | G06F, G06K, G06N, G06T | ||
IT methods for management | G06Q | ||
Telecommunications | H04H | ||
Digital communication | H04L, H04W | ||
Audio-visual technology | H04N, H04R | ||
5 | Other fields | Other consumer goods | A24B, A24C, A24D, A99Z, D06N, D07B, F25D |
Furniture | A47B, A47C, A47F, A47G, A47J | ||
Civil engineering | E04H |
No. | Country | Overall | Emerging Stage | Growth Stage | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NP | % Share | NP | % Share | NP | % Share | ||
1 | China | 1413 | 56.2% | 47 | 14.3% | 1366 | 62.4% |
2 | Russia | 159 | 6.3% | 18 | 5.5% | 141 | 6.4% |
3 | US | 147 | 5.8% | 42 | 12.8% | 105 | 4.8% |
4 | Australia | 80 | 3.2% | 33 | 10.1% | 47 | 2.1% |
5 | India | 64 | 2.5% | 10 | 3.0% | 54 | 2.5% |
6 | Canada | 53 | 2.1% | 13 | 4.0% | 40 | 1.8% |
7 | Korea | 45 | 1.8% | 10 | 3.0% | 35 | 1.6% |
8 | Mexico | 37 | 1.5% | 7 | 2.1% | 30 | 1.4% |
9 | Brazil | 31 | 1.2% | 5 | 1.5% | 26 | 1.2% |
10 | Japan | 26 | 1.0% | 10 | 3.0% | 16 | 0.7% |
Original Countries | Target Countries, Regions, or Organizations | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CN | US | WO | PC | RU | IN | GB | AU | EP | IL | CA | Total | |
CN | 1368 | 29 | 27 | 25 | - | - | 4 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 1465 |
RU | - | 5 | 6 | - | 151 | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | 164 |
US | 1 | 119 | 35 | 33 | - | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 206 |
AU | 3 | 46 | 66 | 11 | - | 1 | 7 | 15 | - | 6 | - | 155 |
IN | - | 6 | 5 | 3 | - | 49 | 4 | 1 | - | - | - | 68 |
CA | - | 31 | 46 | 46 | - | - | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 10 | 142 |
KR | 1 | 14 | 15 | 13 | - | - | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | - | 50 |
MX | - | 17 | 22 | 8 | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | 2 | 50 |
BR | - | 20 | 20 | 11 | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 3 | - | 56 |
JP | 1 | 19 | 19 | - | - | - | 1 | 2 | 2 | - | - | 44 |
Total | 1374 | 306 | 261 | 150 | 151 | 51 | 22 | 29 | 19 | 22 | 15 | - |
No. | Assignee | Origin Country | Patent Number |
---|---|---|---|
1 | China Agricultural University | China | CN105941601A |
2 | Guangxi Shenlong Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Food Group Co., Ltd. | China | CN105613724A |
3 | Yangzhou University | China | CN107183150A |
4 | Zhejiang University | China | CN103583675A |
5 | Zhejiang University | China | CN103583675B |
6 | Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences | China | CN104886233A |
7 | Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences | China | CN106165720A |
8 | NatureSeal, Inc. | US | CN106998716A |
9 | Hefei Huiminghan Ecological Agriculture Technology Co., Ltd. | China | CN107047749A |
10 | Maruha Nichiro Corporation | Japan | CN107529769A |
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Thavorn, J.; Muangsin, V.; Gowanit, C.; Muangsin, N. A Scientometric Assessment of Agri-Food Technology for Research Activity and Productivity. Publications 2021, 9, 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications9040057
Thavorn J, Muangsin V, Gowanit C, Muangsin N. A Scientometric Assessment of Agri-Food Technology for Research Activity and Productivity. Publications. 2021; 9(4):57. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications9040057
Chicago/Turabian StyleThavorn, Jakkrit, Veera Muangsin, Chupun Gowanit, and Nongnuj Muangsin. 2021. "A Scientometric Assessment of Agri-Food Technology for Research Activity and Productivity" Publications 9, no. 4: 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications9040057
APA StyleThavorn, J., Muangsin, V., Gowanit, C., & Muangsin, N. (2021). A Scientometric Assessment of Agri-Food Technology for Research Activity and Productivity. Publications, 9(4), 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications9040057