Influence of Tooth Factors and Procedural Errors on the Incidence and Severity of Post-Endodontic Pain: A Prospective Clinical Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- Preoperative medical history regarding presence of any systemic ailments;
- Gender and age of patient;
- Preoperative medication intake in the past 24 h;
- Presence of preoperative pain in the past 24 h in the concerned tooth;
- History of duration and intensity of previous pain in the concerned tooth;
- Pulp status assessed through thermal stimulation with ethyl chloride spray (Endo Frost, Roeko, Germany);
- Presence or absence of periapical radiolucency in the preoperative radiograph; PAI score was used to categorize the periapical appearance in the radiograph;
- Location of caries in the concerned tooth;
- Periodontal status of the concerned tooth;
- Presence of absence of contralateral tooth;
- Previous history of root canal treatment and pain experience after treatment.
- Tooth presenting any sign of cracks;
- Tooth presenting mobility both in horizontal and vertical axis;
- Root canal retreatment;
- Pregnant women;
- History of medication for chronic pain or with a compromise immune response;
- Failure to obtain authorization for being part of the study.
- Hot tooth requiring additional anesthesia or patient experiencing pain while undergoing root canal treatment;
- Occurrence of any type of mishaps during access preparation, shaping or obturation of the root canal system;
- Final apical size.
- No pain;
- Mild pain: any discomfort that does not require analgesics;
- Moderate pain: persistent pain that requires and is relieved analgesics;
- Intense pain: persistent pain that is not relieved with analgesics.
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Data
3.2. Incidence of PP
3.3. Intensity of PP
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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24 h | 48 h | 7 Days | 15 Days | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | |||
Gender | Male | 48 | 131 | 25 | 154 | 3 | 176 | 2 | 177 | |
Female | 71 | 185 | 50 | 206 | 13 | 243 | 1 | 255 | ||
Group of teeth | Anterior | Max. | 18 | 72 | 10 | 80 | 2 | 88 | 0 | 0 |
Mand. | 2 | 16 | 2 | 16 | 1 | 17 | 2 | 0 | ||
Premolar | Max. | 16 | 48 | 9 | 55 | 3 | 61 | 0 | 1 | |
Mand. | 12 | 31 | 10 | 33 | 5 | 38 | 90 | 18 | ||
Molar | Max. | 23 | 48 | 8 | 63 | 1 | 70 | 62 | 43 | |
Mand. | 48 | 101 | 36 | 113 | 4 | 145 | 71 | 148 | ||
Additional anesthesia | Yes | 31 | 20 | 24 | 27 | 2 | 49 | 0 | 51 | |
No | 86 | 291 | 50 | 327 | 14 | 363 | 3 | 374 | ||
Immediate preoperative pain | Yes | 70 | 106 | 51 | 125 | 13 | 163 | 2 | 174 | |
No | 48 | 210 | 24 | 234 | 3 | 255 | 1 | 257 | ||
Pulpal vitality | Yes | 100 | 225 | 62 | 263 | 12 | 313 | 2 | 323 | |
No | 19 | 91 | 13 | 97 | 4 | 106 | 1 | 109 | ||
Periapical radiolucency | Yes | 7 | 23 | 5 | 25 | 2 | 28 | 0 | 30 | |
No | 112 | 292 | 70 | 334 | 14 | 390 | 3 | 401 | ||
Presence of contralateral tooth | No | 15 | 28 | 9 | 34 | 3 | 40 | 2 | 41 | |
Yes | 104 | 288 | 66 | 326 | 13 | 379 | 1 | 391 | ||
Procedural errors | Yes | 15 | 36 | 10 | 41 | 4 | 47 | 1 | 50 | |
No | 104 | 280 | 65 | 319 | 12 | 372 | 2 | 382 | ||
Apical enlargement | 6% taper #20 | 8 | 28 | 2 | 31 | 1 | 32 | 2 | 31 | |
6% taper #25 | 45 | 184 | 54 | 214 | 5 | 263 | 1 | 267 | ||
#35 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 8 | ||
#40 | 18 | 45 | 13 | 50 | 7 | 56 | 0 | 63 | ||
#45 | 2 | 19 | 2 | 19 | 1 | 20 | 0 | 21 | ||
More than #45 | 10 | 31 | 4 | 37 | 2 | 39 | 0 | 41 |
Incidence | Intensity | Time Interval | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
24 h | 48 h | 7 Days | 15 Days | ||
NO | 314 | 361 | 419 | 432 | |
YES | Mild | 85 | 59 | 14 | 3 |
Moderate | 28 | 10 | 2 | 0 | |
Intense | 8 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
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Bamini, L.; Sherwood, A.; Arias, A.; Subramani, S.K.; Bhargavi, P. Influence of Tooth Factors and Procedural Errors on the Incidence and Severity of Post-Endodontic Pain: A Prospective Clinical Study. Dent. J. 2020, 8, 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj8030073
Bamini L, Sherwood A, Arias A, Subramani SK, Bhargavi P. Influence of Tooth Factors and Procedural Errors on the Incidence and Severity of Post-Endodontic Pain: A Prospective Clinical Study. Dentistry Journal. 2020; 8(3):73. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj8030073
Chicago/Turabian StyleBamini, Lavanya, Anand Sherwood, Ana Arias, Savadamoorthi Kamatchi Subramani, and Puridi Bhargavi. 2020. "Influence of Tooth Factors and Procedural Errors on the Incidence and Severity of Post-Endodontic Pain: A Prospective Clinical Study" Dentistry Journal 8, no. 3: 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj8030073
APA StyleBamini, L., Sherwood, A., Arias, A., Subramani, S. K., & Bhargavi, P. (2020). Influence of Tooth Factors and Procedural Errors on the Incidence and Severity of Post-Endodontic Pain: A Prospective Clinical Study. Dentistry Journal, 8(3), 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj8030073