Photoelectron Yield Spectroscopy and Transient Photocurrent Analysis for Triphenylamine-Based Photorefractive Polymer Composites
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Photoelectron Yield Spectroscopy and Energy Diagram
3.2. Evaluation of the Transient Photocurrent Determined Using Two-Trap Model
3.3. Analysis of the Trapping Behavior and Transient Density for Filled Traps
3.4. Relationship between Trapping Behavior and Photorefractive Response
3.5. Estimation of Value for Trap State
3.6. DOS Width and Hole Mobility
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
PDAA/TPAOH/7-DCST/PCBM (35/35/30/0.6) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | QE/α (cm−1) | μ (cm2 V−1 s−1) | γT (cm3 s−1) | T (cm−3) | βT (s−1) | γM (cm3 s−1) | M (cm−3) | βM (s−1) | γR (cm3 s−1) |
No. 1 | 1.6 × 10−2/59 | 9.0 × 10−7 | 1.6 × 10−13 | 1.2 × 1016 | 120 | 1.5 × 10−16 | 2 × 1016 | 0.01 | 1.0 × 10−13 |
No. 2 | 6.0 × 10−3/59 | 2.3 × 10−6 | 1.6 × 10−13 | 1.2 × 1016 | 200 | 2.0 × 10−16 | 2 × 1016 | 0.01 | 2.0 × 10−13 |
No. 3 | 4.3 × 10−3/59 | 3.3 × 10−6 | 1.6 × 10−13 | 1.2 × 1016 | 200 | 2.0 × 10−16 | 2 × 1016 | 0.01 | 2.7 × 10−13 |
No. 4 | 3.8 × 10−3/59 | 3.7 × 10−6 | 1.6 × 10−13 | 1.2 × 1016 | 200 | 2.2 × 10−16 | 2 × 1016 | 0.01 | 2.9 × 10−13 |
PDAA/TAA/7-DCST/PCBM (35/35/30/0.6) | |||||||||
Type | QE/α (cm−1) | μ (cm2 V−1 s−1) | γT (cm3 s−1) | T (cm−3) | βT (s−1) | γM (cm3 s−1) | M (cm−3) | βM (s−1) | γR (cm3 s−1) |
No. 1 | 7.0 × 10−4/45 | 3.9 × 10−7 | 1.7 × 10−13 | 1.1 × 1016 | 0.2 | 1.6 × 10−19 | 1 × 1016 | 0.001 | 1.4 × 10−13 |
No. 2 | 6.4 × 10−4/45 | 3.7 × 10−7 | 1.5 × 10−13 | 1.1 × 1016 | 0.2 | 1.0 × 10−19 | 1 × 1016 | 0.001 | 1.2 × 10−13 |
No. 3 | 4.0 × 10−4/45 | 6.2 × 10−7 | 1.5 × 10−13 | 1.1 × 1016 | 0.2 | 1.0 × 10−19 | 1 × 1016 | 0.001 | 1.3 × 10−13 |
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Sample | η (%) | τ (ms) | α532/α640 | QE |
---|---|---|---|---|
PDAA/TPAOH/7-DCST/PCBM (35/35/30/0.6) | 39 ± 1 | 8 ± 0.8 | 200/59 | 4.3 × 10−3 |
PDAA/TAA/7-DCST/PCBM (35/35/30/0.6) | 75 ± 0.8 | 67 ± 0.6 | 134/45 | 7.0 × 10−4 |
PDAA/TPAOH/7-DCST/PCBM (35/35/30/0.6) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QE/α (cm−1) | μ (cm2 V−1 s−1) | γT (cm3 s−1) | T (cm−3) | βT (s−1) | γM (cm3 s−1) | M (cm−3) | βM (s−1) | γR (cm3 s−1) |
4.3 × 10−3/59 | 3.3 × 10−6 | 1.6 × 10−13 | 1.2 × 1016 | 200 | 2.0 × 10−16 | 2.0 × 1016 | 0.01 | 2.7 × 10−13 |
PDAA/TAA/7-DCST/PCBM (35/35/30/0.6) | ||||||||
QE/α (cm−1) | μ (cm2 V−1 s−1) | γT (cm3 s−1) | T (cm−3) | βT (s−1) | γM (cm3 s−1) | M (cm−3) | βM (s−1) | γR (cm3 s−1) |
7.0 × 10−4/45 | 3.9 × 10−7 | 1.7 × 10−13 | 1.1 × 1016 | 0.2 | - | - | - | 1.4 × 10−13 |
DOS Width (eV) | μ1 (cm2 V−1 s−1) | μ2 (cm2 V−1 s−1) | |
---|---|---|---|
PDAA/TPAOH/7DCST/PCBM (35/35/30/0.6) | 0.138 | 3.4 × 10−6 | 3.3 × 10−6 |
PDAA/TAA/7DCST/PCBM (35/35/30/0.6) | 0.153 | 4.0 × 10−7 | 3.9 × 10−7 |
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Tsutsumi, N.; Mizuno, Y.; Jackin, B.J.; Kinashi, K.; Sassa, T.; Giang, H.N.; Sakai, W. Photoelectron Yield Spectroscopy and Transient Photocurrent Analysis for Triphenylamine-Based Photorefractive Polymer Composites. Photonics 2022, 9, 996. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120996
Tsutsumi N, Mizuno Y, Jackin BJ, Kinashi K, Sassa T, Giang HN, Sakai W. Photoelectron Yield Spectroscopy and Transient Photocurrent Analysis for Triphenylamine-Based Photorefractive Polymer Composites. Photonics. 2022; 9(12):996. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120996
Chicago/Turabian StyleTsutsumi, Naoto, Yusuke Mizuno, Boaz Jessie Jackin, Kenji Kinashi, Takafumi Sassa, Ha Ngoc Giang, and Wataru Sakai. 2022. "Photoelectron Yield Spectroscopy and Transient Photocurrent Analysis for Triphenylamine-Based Photorefractive Polymer Composites" Photonics 9, no. 12: 996. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120996