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Limnological Review
Volume 17
Issue 1
10.1515/limre-2017-0001
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Limnological Review is published by MDPI from Volume 22 Issue 1 (2022). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Sciendo.
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Article

The Use of Expanded Clay Aggregate for the Pretreatment of Surface Waters on the Example of a Tributary of Lake Klasztorne Górne in Strzelce Krajeńskie

by
Michał Łopata
1,*,
Przemysław Czerniejewski
2,
Grzegorz Wiśniewski
1,
Robert Czerniawski
3 and
Jakub Drozdowski
1
1
Department of Water Protection Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
2
Facility of Fisheries Management, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Kazimierza Królewicza 4, 71-550 Szczecin, Poland
3
Department of Zoology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Limnol. Rev. 2017, 17(1), 3-9; https://doi.org/10.1515/limre-2017-0001 (registering DOI)
Published: 9 September 2017

Abstract

The paper presents a proposal for the treatment of river water based on expanded clay (ceramsite). It is a lightweight mineral aggregate containing components relative to phosphorus adsorption (calcium, iron, manganese, aluminum). A pilot plant on a fractional technical scale was built on a nutrient rich (phosphorus up to 0.4 mg dm−3, nitrogen up to 10.0 mg dm−3), small (mean annual flow about 0.04 m3 s−1), natural watercourse (Młynówka River, a tributary of the Otok Channel, Noteć basin, the municipality of Strzelce Krajeńskie). The monitoring included quantitative and qualitative measurements of the water stream in 2014–2015. On the basis of the examinations, the calculated effectiveness of ceramsite filters in removing major contaminants from water was: for total nitrogen 5–6%, phosphorus 12–16%, and for suspensions 17–29%. The effectiveness of the treatment is highly influenced by hydraulic load, so this type application on a full-scale should occupy a sufficiently large volume. Taking into account simplicity of performance, ease of operation and low cost of construction and maintenance, such pretreatment plants based on expanded clay would seem to be a promising tool for the protection of surface waters in catchments of small rivers and streams.
Keywords: water protection; biogenic elements; ceramsite; pretreatment plant; watercourse water protection; biogenic elements; ceramsite; pretreatment plant; watercourse

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MDPI and ACS Style

Łopata, M.; Czerniejewski, P.; Wiśniewski, G.; Czerniawski, R.; Drozdowski, J. The Use of Expanded Clay Aggregate for the Pretreatment of Surface Waters on the Example of a Tributary of Lake Klasztorne Górne in Strzelce Krajeńskie. Limnol. Rev. 2017, 17, 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1515/limre-2017-0001

AMA Style

Łopata M, Czerniejewski P, Wiśniewski G, Czerniawski R, Drozdowski J. The Use of Expanded Clay Aggregate for the Pretreatment of Surface Waters on the Example of a Tributary of Lake Klasztorne Górne in Strzelce Krajeńskie. Limnological Review. 2017; 17(1):3-9. https://doi.org/10.1515/limre-2017-0001

Chicago/Turabian Style

Łopata, Michał, Przemysław Czerniejewski, Grzegorz Wiśniewski, Robert Czerniawski, and Jakub Drozdowski. 2017. "The Use of Expanded Clay Aggregate for the Pretreatment of Surface Waters on the Example of a Tributary of Lake Klasztorne Górne in Strzelce Krajeńskie" Limnological Review 17, no. 1: 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1515/limre-2017-0001

APA Style

Łopata, M., Czerniejewski, P., Wiśniewski, G., Czerniawski, R., & Drozdowski, J. (2017). The Use of Expanded Clay Aggregate for the Pretreatment of Surface Waters on the Example of a Tributary of Lake Klasztorne Górne in Strzelce Krajeńskie. Limnological Review, 17(1), 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1515/limre-2017-0001

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