Swiss Archives of Neurology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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Open AccessArticle

Étude sur le profil des patients en crise suicidaire dans le cadre de la détention avant jugement

by Rachida Marira, Anne Kummer, Mohamed Faouzi, Camille Kunzle, Didier Delessert, Yasser Khazaal and Bruno Gravier

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2023, 174(4), 120-125; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2023.03373 - 15 Aug 2023

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Abstract

Introduction: Suicide is over-represented in the Swiss prison population. A better understanding of the profile of inmates in suicidal crisis is therefore essential in order to improve the identification of persons at risk and to propose a more adapted management. The aim of [...] Read more.

Introduction: Suicide is over-represented in the Swiss prison population. A better understanding of the profile of inmates in suicidal crisis is therefore essential in order to improve the identification of persons at risk and to propose a more adapted management. The aim of the present study is to analyze the clinical and sociodemographic profile of inmates in suicidal crisis and to compare it to that of non-suicidal inmates, with the hypothesis that it is different between the two groups. We also hypothesized that the majority of inmates in suicidal crisis presented elements indicative of such a crisis before their incarceration. Methods: This was an epidemiological, case-control, analytical study including 70 male patients between the ages of 18 and 67, incarcerated in pretrial detention but not convicted. The study was conducted between June 2011 and January 2012 in the Vaud pre-trial detention prisons. The “case” group included 34 inmates who presented a suicidal crisis during the first three months of incarceration, whereas the “control” group was composed of 36 inmates encountered during the same period, who did not present a suicidal crisis during the first 3 months of their detention. Data collection was done in the form of a semi-structured interview including an anamnestic record and a study of the medical file. Current psychiatric diagnoses were investigated using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the International Classification of Mental Disorders and Behavioral Disorders (ICD-10). The clinical assessment of suicidal behavior was carried out using the “RUD” (Risk, Urgency, Danger) scale and specific questionnaires on suicidal crisis. Life events were assessed using the Life Events Interview. Results: Results show that the profile of suicidal crisis patients in pretrial detention differed from that of the control group, primarily clinically, with significant associations for mood disorders, adjustment disorders, personal psychiatric history, and history of childhood sexual abuse. All patients in the crisis group had risk factors, but only one-third were already in suicidal crisis before incarceration. Social factors were similar in both groups. Conclusion: On the basis of these observations, we can only emphasize the importance of man-aging patients with risk factors from the beginning of incarceration, in order to prevent the occurrence of a suicidal crisis. This highlights the importance of re-evaluating the resources available in prisons, both for the initial assessment and for the implementation of appropriate management. Full article

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Open AccessReview

The Past, Present and Future Myasthenia Gravis and Its Immunotherapies

by Laura Tatsch and Bettina Schreiner

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2023, 174(4), 106-109; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2023.03396 - 15 Aug 2023

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Abstract

Autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG), a rare disorder of the neuromuscular transmission with resulting increased muscular fatigue, often significantly impairs the quality of life in affected patients. With better understanding of its underlying pathophysiology in recent years, a growing number of therapies can be [...] Read more.

Autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG), a rare disorder of the neuromuscular transmission with resulting increased muscular fatigue, often significantly impairs the quality of life in affected patients. With better understanding of its underlying pathophysiology in recent years, a growing number of therapies can be used to lessen the disease burden in patients. This review summarizes the current understanding of clinically important pathophysiological aspects of MG. We highlight the historical journey from the first therapeutic attempts with acetylcholine esterase inhibitors by Mary Walker in the 1930s to the development of targeted monoclonal antibodies or fragments in recent years. This review covers the standard therapy regimen, but also aims to provide an outlook on new classes of therapeutics currently in the pipeline and available in clinical practice in the near future. Full article

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Open AccessNews

Lecanemab in Early Alzheimer’s Disease

by Andreas Steck

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2023, 174(4), 102; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2023.03381 - 15 Aug 2023

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Abstract

Current therapeutic agents for Alzheimer’s disease temporarily improve symptoms but do not alter the underlying disease course […] Full article

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Open AccessBook Review

Die Hoffnung auf einen Neubeginn

by Susanne Kunz Mehlstaub

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2023, 174(4), 1; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2023.03387 - 15 Aug 2023

Abstract

Das vorliegende Werk ist umfangreich und sehr informativ [...] Full article

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Open AccessBook Review

Psychotherapie kompakt, philosophisch unterlegt

by Daniel Sollberger

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2023, 174(4), 1-2; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2023.03386 - 15 Aug 2023

Abstract

Wäre die menschliche Psyche so simpel, dass wir sie erklären könnten, wären wir so simpel, dass wir es wiederum nicht könnten [...] Full article

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Open AccessCommentary

Les facteurs de risque d’une addiction à Internet à travers l’analyse du film «Her»

by Gaia Melideo, Soyan Dawit Gebreyohannes, Léa Charnaux, Eugénie Khatcherian and Gerard Calzada

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2023, 174(4), 1-4; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2023.03378 - 15 Aug 2023

Abstract

A Los Angeles, dans un futur proche dans lequel la technologie permet de rester constamment en contact avec Internet et nos commodités, Theodore Twombly, récemment divorcé, gagne sa vie en rédigeant des lettres d’amour pour d’autres personnes [...] Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Mentalisieren als Schlüsselprozess

by Maria Teresa Diez Grieser

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2023, 174(4), 1-2; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2023.03338 - 15 Aug 2023

Abstract

Sebastian Euler legt in der Reihe «Mentalisie ren in Klinik und Praxis» (Herausgeber: Ulrich Schultz-Venrath) mit dem Band «Mentalisie ren bei Persönlichkeitsstörungen» ein Buch vor, dass sich mit Störungsbildern auseinander setzt, die bei der Entwicklung des mentalisie rungsbasierten Ansatzes eine zentrale Rolle ge [...] Read more.

Sebastian Euler legt in der Reihe «Mentalisie ren in Klinik und Praxis» (Herausgeber: Ulrich Schultz-Venrath) mit dem Band «Mentalisie ren bei Persönlichkeitsstörungen» ein Buch vor, dass sich mit Störungsbildern auseinander setzt, die bei der Entwicklung des mentalisie rungsbasierten Ansatzes eine zentrale Rolle ge spielt haben [...] Full article

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Open AccessArticle

The Use of Mainstream Movies in Psychiatric Training

by Gerard Calzada, Stéphane Rothen, Ariella Machado, Louise Penzenstadler, Gabriel Thorens and Daniele Zullino

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2023, 174(4), 110-113; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2023.03285 - 1 Jan 2023

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Abstract

Background: Psychiatry has been represented in films since the beginning of the 7th art. Many of the films aim to render mental suffering more understandable and to advocate for more humane treatment. Films can be used as an interesting teaching tool in medical [...] Read more.

Background: Psychiatry has been represented in films since the beginning of the 7th art. Many of the films aim to render mental suffering more understandable and to advocate for more humane treatment. Films can be used as an interesting teaching tool in medical education, making learning fun and enjoyable, while promoting motivation and learning effectiveness. This study examines the relevance of mainstream films for teaching psychiatric diagnostic criteria. Methods: A university course on psychopathology and social representations of psychiatry in cinema was created. The course is structured in ten sessions, each based on a film dealing with a specific disorder, allowing students to gain a comprehensive overview of the main psychiatric disorders. During the session, after watching a film, participants rate the character depicted in the movie according to DSM-5 criteria and evaluate their ability to recognise typical symptoms of the specific psychiatric disorder, the film’s ability to depict the key elements of this disorder, and how easily they relate and empathise with characters suffering from the presented disorder. Results: Self-perceived ability at the beginning of the session, the percentage of symptoms exhibited and the possibility to empathise are positively associated with self-perceived ability at the end of the session, whereas the movie quality as measured by the IMDb score was not statistically associated. Furthermore, the ability to feel confident in recognising the symptoms increased over the course of the sessions. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated the feasibility of implementing a structured course in psychiatry based on movies. It shows that cinema is a suitable instrument to teach psychopathology. Full article

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Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother., Volume 174, Issue 4 (01 2023) – 8 articles

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