The Relation between Social Capital and Academic Motivation of Students: A Study of Health Professional Education in Japan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Academic Motivation
1.2. Social Capital
1.3. Judo-Therapy Education Setting
2. Method
3. Results
3.1. Academic Motivation Level and Its Constructs: Intrinsic Motivation (IM) and Extrinsic Motivation (EM)
3.2. Social Capital (SC) of Judo-Therapy Students
3.3. Robust Regression Analysis Result
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | N | % |
---|---|---|
University | 925 | 41.15 |
College | 1323 | 58.85 |
Year | ||
1st | 724 | 32.22 |
2nd | 671 | 29.86 |
3rd | 614 | 27.33 |
4th | 238 | 10.59 |
Age | ||
18–19 years | 672 | 29.92 |
20–29 years | 1416 | 63.05 |
30–39 years | 99 | 4.41 |
40–49 years | 45 | 2 |
50–59 years | 11 | 0.49 |
>60 years | 3 | 0.13 |
Gender | ||
Female | 646 | 28.76 |
Male | 1600 | 71.24 |
Work experience | ||
Yes | 301 | 13.42 |
No | 1942 | 86.58 |
Income | ||
Income of family | 1992 | 90.55 |
Student’s own income | 178 | 8.09 |
Other | 30 | 1.36 |
Scholarship | ||
Yes | 1110 | 49.62 |
No | 1127 | 50.38 |
Academic history of mother | ||
Junior high school | 54 | 2.51 |
High school | 965 | 44.93 |
College | 426 | 19.83 |
University | 703 | 32.73 |
Academic history of father | ||
Junior high school | 93 | 4.44 |
High school | 918 | 43.82 |
College | 293 | 13.99 |
University | 791 | 37.76 |
Self-determination of course | ||
Yes | 2141 | 96.18 |
No | 85 | 3.82 |
Patient experience | ||
Yes | 2021 | 90.83 |
No | 204 | 9.17 |
Role model | ||
Yes | 1424 | 63.37 |
No | 823 | 36.63 |
Variables and Constructs | Number | Response Rate (%) | Mean | Standard Deviation | Median | Interquartile Range |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Academic Motivation | ||||||
IM | 2247 | 99.95 | 54.0 | 14.2 | 55 | 46–63 |
EM | 2247 | 99.95 | 54.9 | 14.1 | 56 | 47–64 |
Amotivation | 2247 | 99.95 | 10.9 | 6.1 | 10 | 5–16 |
Social Capital | ||||||
Family SC | 2231 | 99.24 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 2.8–3.5 |
Internal Friend SC | 2237 | 99.51 | 3.0 | 0.6 | 3 | 2.7–3.5 |
External Friend SC | 2236 | 99.47 | 3.0 | 0.5 | 3 | 2.7–3.3 |
Classroom SC | 2223 | 98.89 | 2.7 | 0.5 | 2.7 | 2.4–3.1 |
Community SC | 2241 | 99.69 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 2.3 | 2.3–2.7 |
Uni-Variable Regression | Robust Multivariable Regression | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intrinsic Motivation | β | CI | p | β | CI | p |
Family SC | 0.71 | 0.60–0.92 | ** | 0.24 | 0.13–0.35 | ** |
On-campus friends’ SC | 1.28 | 1.12–1.44 | ** | 0.30 | 0.11–0.50 | * |
Off-campus friends’ SC | 0.55 | 0.43–0.67 | * | 0.08 | −0.41–0.20 | ns |
Classroom SC | 1.14 | 1.03–1.24 | ** | 0.73 | 0.61–0.96 | ** |
Community SC | 0.53 | 0.45–0.61 | ** | 0.23 | 0.14–0.32 | ** |
Residential formation | 1.12 | −0.10–2.36 | ns | 0.60 | 0.33–2.68 | * |
Work experience | −2.48 | −4.14–−0.81 | * | −1.92 | −3.44–−0.39 | * |
Self-chosen career | −7.87 | −10.84–−4.90 | ** | −3.98 | −6.66–−1.30 | * |
Patient experience | −3.51 | 6.25–8.50 | ** | −1.42 | −3.20–0.35 | ns |
Role model | 7.37 | 6.25–8.50 | * | 4.82 | 3.74–5.90 | ** |
Extrinsic Motivation | β | CI | p | β | CI | p |
Family SC | 0.62 | 0.51–0.73 | * | 0.26 | 0.14–0.38 | * |
On-campus friends’ SC | 1.09 | 0.93–1.26 | * | 0.27 | 0.66–0.47 | * |
Off-campus friends’ SC | 0.58 | 0.46–0.69 | * | 0.20 | 0.07–0.33 | * |
Classroom SC | 0.88 | 0.78–0.99 | * | 0.50 | 0.37–0.63 | ** |
Community SC | 0.38 | 0.30–0.47 | * | 0.12 | −0.03–−0.22 | * |
Residential formation | 1.38 | 0.14–2.61 | * | 1.73 | 0.48–2.97 | * |
Work experience | 0.52 | −1.15–2.20 | ns | 0.48 | −1.14–2.10 | ns |
Self-chosen career | −7.12 | −10.11–−4.14 | * | −3.16 | −6.00–−0.32 | * |
Patient experience | −3.51 | −5.50–−1.53 | ** | −0.93 | −2.82–0.95 | ns |
Role model | 6.56 | 5.41–7.71 | * | 4.41 | 3.27–5.55 | ** |
Amotivation | β | CI | p | β | CI | p |
Family SC | −0.25 | −0.30–−0.20 | * | −0.12 | −0.17–−0.07 | ** |
On-campus friends’ SC | −0.43 | −0.51–−0.36 | * | −0.14 | −0.23–−0.05 | * |
Off-campus friends’ SC | −0.09 | −0.14–−0.03 | ** | 0.09 | 0.03–0.15 | ** |
Classroom SC | −0.40 | −0.45–−0.36 | * | −0.30 | −0.35–−0.24 | ** |
Community SC | −0.09 | −0.14–−0.06 | * | 0.03 | −0.01–0.07 | ns |
Residential formation | −0.24 | −0.80–0.33 | ns | 0.35 | −0.19–0.89 | ns |
Work experience | 2.54 | 1.78–3.30 | * | 2.45 | 1.74–3.15 | ** |
Self-chosen career | 5.31 | 3.96–6.65 | * | 3.78 | 2.54–5.01 | ** |
Patient experience | 0.97 | 0.06–1.88 | ns | 0.33 | −0.48–1.15 | ns |
Role model | −3.96 | −4.47–−3.45 | * | −3.12 | −3.62–−2.63 | ** |
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Koyanagi, Y.; Aung, M.N.; Yuasa, M.; Sekine, M.; Takao, O. The Relation between Social Capital and Academic Motivation of Students: A Study of Health Professional Education in Japan. Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11, 129-141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11010011
Koyanagi Y, Aung MN, Yuasa M, Sekine M, Takao O. The Relation between Social Capital and Academic Motivation of Students: A Study of Health Professional Education in Japan. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education. 2021; 11(1):129-141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11010011
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoyanagi, Yuka, Myo Nyein Aung, Motoyuki Yuasa, Miwa Sekine, and Okada Takao. 2021. "The Relation between Social Capital and Academic Motivation of Students: A Study of Health Professional Education in Japan" European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 11, no. 1: 129-141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11010011