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Volume 14
Issue 4
10.18683/germs.2024.1443
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Article

The Infectious Disease Burden Among War Related Internally Displaced People in the Lviv Region of Ukraine

by
Marta Vasylyev
1,2,*,
Hanne Lamberink
1,
Ivanna Svyst
2,
Oksana Khlypnyach
2,
Oleksandra Sluzhynska
2,
Maryana Sluzhynska
3,4,
Iryna Shtoiko
2,
Oleksandra Hrushynska
5,
Dmytro Demianenko
2 and
Casper Rokx
1
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases and Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
2
Astar Medical Center, Zygzag St 5, 79041 Lviv, Ukraine
3
Department of Statistics and Infection Control, Lviv Regional Public Health Center, Yuriya Rufa St 8, 79023 Lviv, Ukraine
4
Department of Public Health, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska St 69, 79023 Lviv, Ukraine
5
Lviv Regional Clinical Psychoneurology Dispensary, Kotsyolovskoko St 30, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
GERMS 2024, 14(4), 322-343; https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2024.1443
Submission received: 26 October 2024 / Revised: 27 November 2024 / Accepted: 27 November 2024 / Published: 31 December 2024
Versions Notes

Abstract

Introduction: Armed conflicts exacerbate the spread of infectious diseases. We assessed the impact of the 2022 armed conflict in Ukraine on common sexually, bloodborne, and respiratory-transmitted infectious diseases in internally displaced people (IDP) in Ukraine. Methods: A cross-sectional study (#aware.id) was conducted in Lviv, Ukraine, from 3 May 2023 to 24 June 2024, including IDP seeking care for HIV, hepatitis B and C, COVID-19, tuberculosis, and sexually transmitted infections. After medical screening to evaluate disease risk, we used rapid point-of-care tests followed by confirmatory standard of care testing. The main endpoints were the infectious disease case positivity rate in IDP compared to a local at-risk population, the association with war related risk factors including shelter use and experienced violence, and linkage to care. Results: Among 695 enrolled participants (250 IDP and 445 locals), the median age was 37 years (IQR 30-45) and 58.7% were women. Both groups disclosed a high HIV and viral hepatitis disease risk. Among IDP, rates of HIV (4.8% in IDP vs. 7.1% in local at-risk population), hepatitis C (33.9% vs. 40.0%) and syphilis (4.7% vs. 2.7%) were comparable with the local at-risk controls (all p>0.05), while the hepatitis B rate was lower in IDP (6.3% vs. 26.9%, p0.05). Despite higher war-related risk factors, we found no clear association with infectious disease burden in IDP disclosing these factors. All those diagnosed were linked to care within 4 weeks. Conclusions: The undiagnosed infectious disease burden in IDP was high and comparable to a high-risk local population.
Keywords: HIV; viral hepatitis; tuberculosis; sexually transmitted infections; COVID-19 HIV; viral hepatitis; tuberculosis; sexually transmitted infections; COVID-19

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vasylyev, M.; Lamberink, H.; Svyst, I.; Khlypnyach, O.; Sluzhynska, O.; Sluzhynska, M.; Shtoiko, I.; Hrushynska, O.; Demianenko, D.; Rokx, C. The Infectious Disease Burden Among War Related Internally Displaced People in the Lviv Region of Ukraine. GERMS 2024, 14, 322-343. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2024.1443

AMA Style

Vasylyev M, Lamberink H, Svyst I, Khlypnyach O, Sluzhynska O, Sluzhynska M, Shtoiko I, Hrushynska O, Demianenko D, Rokx C. The Infectious Disease Burden Among War Related Internally Displaced People in the Lviv Region of Ukraine. GERMS. 2024; 14(4):322-343. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2024.1443

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vasylyev, Marta, Hanne Lamberink, Ivanna Svyst, Oksana Khlypnyach, Oleksandra Sluzhynska, Maryana Sluzhynska, Iryna Shtoiko, Oleksandra Hrushynska, Dmytro Demianenko, and Casper Rokx. 2024. "The Infectious Disease Burden Among War Related Internally Displaced People in the Lviv Region of Ukraine" GERMS 14, no. 4: 322-343. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2024.1443

APA Style

Vasylyev, M., Lamberink, H., Svyst, I., Khlypnyach, O., Sluzhynska, O., Sluzhynska, M., Shtoiko, I., Hrushynska, O., Demianenko, D., & Rokx, C. (2024). The Infectious Disease Burden Among War Related Internally Displaced People in the Lviv Region of Ukraine. GERMS, 14(4), 322-343. https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2024.1443

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