Experimental Study on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Magnesium Chloride for Solid Fuel Production
by
Samuel Carrasco 1,*, Javier Silva 1
, Ernesto Pino-Cortés 1, Jaime Gómez 2,3, Fidel Vallejo 2,3, Luis Díaz-Robles 2,3, Valeria Campos 2,3, Francisco Cubillos 2,3, Stefan Pelz 4, Sebastian Paczkowski 4, Francisco Cereceda-Balic 5, Albero Vergara-Fernández 6, Magín Lapuerta 7, Amparo Pazo 8, Esperanza Monedero 8 and Kent Hoekman 9
Samuel Carrasco 1,*, Javier Silva 1, Ernesto Pino-Cortés 1, Jaime Gómez 2,3, Fidel Vallejo 2,3, Luis Díaz-Robles 2,3, Valeria Campos 2,3, Francisco Cubillos 2,3, Stefan Pelz 4, Sebastian Paczkowski 4, Francisco Cereceda-Balic 5, Albero Vergara-Fernández 6, Magín Lapuerta 7, Amparo Pazo 8, Esperanza Monedero 8 and Kent Hoekman 9
1
Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2162, 2362854 Valparaíso, Chile
2
Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, 9170022 Estación Central, Chile
3
Programa Centro de Valorización de Residuos y Economía Circular, Av Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, 9170022 Estación Central, Chile
4
Institute for Applied Research, University of Applied Forest Sciences Rottenburg, Schadenweilerhof 1, 72108 Rottenburg, Germany
5
Centro de Tecnologías Ambientales, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, 2390136 Valparaíso, Chile
6
Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo 12455, 7620001 Las Condes, Chile
7
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Politécnico, Avda. Camilo José Cela, s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
8
Instituto de Investigación en Energías Renovables, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain
9
Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2020, 8(4), 444; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8040444
Received: 12 March 2020 / Revised: 2 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 April 2020 / Published: 10 April 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomass Processing and Conversion Systems)
The effect of magnesium chloride as an additive of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of lignocellulosic biomass (Pinus radiata sawdust) was studied. The HTC tests were carried out at fixed conditions of temperature and residence time of 220 °C and 1 h, respectively, and varying the dose of magnesium chloride in the range 0.0–1.0 g MgCl2/g biomass. The carbonized product (hydrochar) was tested in order to determine its calorific value (HHV) while using PARR 6100 calorimeter, mass yield by gravimetry, elemental analysis using a LECO TruSpec elemental analyzer, volatile matter content, and ash content were obtained by standardized procedures using suitable ovens for it. The results show that using a dose of 0.75 g MgCl2/g biomass results in an impact on the mass yield that was almost equal to change operating conditions from 220 to 270 °C and from 0.5 to 1 h, without additive. Likewise, the calorific value increases by 33% for this additive dose, resulting in an energy yield of 68%, thus generating a solid fuel of prominent characteristics.
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Keywords:
hydrothermal carbonization; waste to energy; additives; lignocellulosic biomass; magnesium chloride
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Carrasco, S.; Silva, J.; Pino-Cortés, E.; Gómez, J.; Vallejo, F.; Díaz-Robles, L.; Campos, V.; Cubillos, F.; Pelz, S.; Paczkowski, S.; Cereceda-Balic, F.; Vergara-Fernández, A.; Lapuerta, M.; Pazo, A.; Monedero, E.; Hoekman, K. Experimental Study on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Magnesium Chloride for Solid Fuel Production. Processes 2020, 8, 444.
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