Study on Time-Dependent Load Characteristics of CO₂ Fracturing Tubing Considering Multi-Field Coupling Effects

The complex changes in fluid phase behavior during the CO₂ fracturing process result in significantly different temperature-pressure coupling characteristics compared to hydraulic fracturing. The complex temperature-pressure changes make it difficult to obtain a rapid and effective evaluation between fracturing parameters and string safety. To solve this problem, considering the flow and heat transfer of CO₂ and the change of phase state, and then considering the deformation of string load under the constraint of packer, this study established the thermal fluid mechanical coupling analysis model ofCO₂ fracturing process, realized the dynamic analysis of string load in the whole process of fracturing, systematically revealed the evolution law of string stress in the process of fracturing, and provided theoretical basis and technical support for the optimization of CO₂ fracturing process parameters and the safety design of string. The research results show that with the fracturing process, the temperature, pressure, and flow rate distribution of the medium in the wellbore have significant nonlinear characteristics, and the string load increases slowly at first and then increases rapidly. The reduction of CO₂ fracturing temperature or the increase of pressure will significantly increase the string load. The findings provide direct theoretical and technical support for optimizing CO₂ fracturing parameters and ensuring tubing safety in engineering practice.