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10.3390/pr13092729
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Article

Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Baxigai Formation in Bozi–Dabei Area, Kuqa Depression

by
Fenglai Yang
1,2,3,4,*,
Cuili Wang
1,3,
Kun Zhou
1,
Binghui Song
1,
Ziwen Jiang
5,
Bin Chen
5,
Yongqiang Xu
1,
Yijia Li
1 and
Sa Xiao
1
1
PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, China
2
R&D Center for Ultra-Deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), Korla 841000, China
3
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultra-Deep Oil and Gas, Korla 841000, China
4
Engineering Research Center for Ultra-Deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Korla 841000, China
5
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2025, 13(9), 2729; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092729
Submission received: 17 July 2025 / Revised: 18 August 2025 / Accepted: 22 August 2025 / Published: 26 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Energy Systems)
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Abstract

The Lower Cretaceous Baxigai Formation is characterized by fan-delta front deposits and serves as a crucial target for ultradeep tight gas exploration in western China. Consequently, investigating its reservoir characteristics and controlling factors is critical. To characterize these reservoirs, we integrated well logs, core observation and analyses, thin-section petrography, high-pressure mercury injection, and scanning electron microscopy. This approach enabled comprehensive analysis of tight reservoir attributes and their genetic controls. Results show that the Baxigai Formation developed a fan-delta system, with premium reservoirs primarily concentrated in subaqueous distributary channels of fan-delta fronts. Reservoir lithology consists of medium- to fine-grained arkose and lithic arkose, exhibiting well-developed intergranular and intragranular dissolution pores alongside low mineralogical maturity. With average porosity of 2.76% and permeability of 0.24 × 10−3 μm2, these reservoirs are classified as low-porosity and medium–low-permeability systems. Depositional, diagenetic, and structural factors are the main controls on reservoir quality. Subaqueous distributary channels and mouth bars within the fan-delta system provide favorable conditions for reservoir development. Intergranular dissolution pores formed by feldspar dissolution and organic acid reactions play a key role in enhancing reservoir quality and supporting hydrocarbon generation. Structural fractures play a pivotal role in elevating permeability and establishing effective fracture–pore configurations.
Keywords: reservoir characteristics; controlling factor; deep and ultradeep strata; Bozi–Dabei area; Kuqa Depression; Tarim Basin reservoir characteristics; controlling factor; deep and ultradeep strata; Bozi–Dabei area; Kuqa Depression; Tarim Basin

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, F.; Wang, C.; Zhou, K.; Song, B.; Jiang, Z.; Chen, B.; Xu, Y.; Li, Y.; Xiao, S. Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Baxigai Formation in Bozi–Dabei Area, Kuqa Depression. Processes 2025, 13, 2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092729

AMA Style

Yang F, Wang C, Zhou K, Song B, Jiang Z, Chen B, Xu Y, Li Y, Xiao S. Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Baxigai Formation in Bozi–Dabei Area, Kuqa Depression. Processes. 2025; 13(9):2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092729

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Fenglai, Cuili Wang, Kun Zhou, Binghui Song, Ziwen Jiang, Bin Chen, Yongqiang Xu, Yijia Li, and Sa Xiao. 2025. "Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Baxigai Formation in Bozi–Dabei Area, Kuqa Depression" Processes 13, no. 9: 2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092729

APA Style

Yang, F., Wang, C., Zhou, K., Song, B., Jiang, Z., Chen, B., Xu, Y., Li, Y., & Xiao, S. (2025). Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Baxigai Formation in Bozi–Dabei Area, Kuqa Depression. Processes, 13(9), 2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092729

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