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Volume 13
Issue 6
10.3390/pr13061913
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Article

A Study on the Enhancement of Storage Stability in Formulated Gac Fruit Oil and Its Encapsulated Form

by
Po-Hua Wu
1,2,3,
Chia-Yu Lin
1,
Ming-Chang Wu
4,
Shih-Lun Liu
5,*,
Sz-Jie Wu
3,* and
Chang-Wei Hsieh
2,6,7,8,*
1
Best News Biomedical Co., Ltd., Pingtung City 908, Taiwan
2
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
3
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106216, Taiwan
4
Taiwan Sugar Corporation, No.68, Shengchan Rd., East Dist., Tainan City 701036, Taiwan
5
Department of Food Nutrition and Healthy Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung City 413, Taiwan
6
Department of Food Science, National Ilan University, Yilan City 26047, Taiwan
7
Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, North District., Taichung City 40400, Taiwan
8
Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2025, 13(6), 1913; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061913
Submission received: 10 May 2025 / Revised: 11 June 2025 / Accepted: 12 June 2025 / Published: 17 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extraction Processes, Modeling, and Optimization of Oils)
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Abstract

The fruit of Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng., commonly known as Gac fruit, contains arils rich in carotenoids and unsaturated fatty acids, making it suitable for use as a natural colorant, flavor enhancer, and dietary supplement. This study examined Gac oil extracted from locally cultivated Gac fruit in Taiwan and evaluated the impact of different encapsulation methods and press through packaging (PTP) packaging on its oxidative stability during storage. The Gac oil was found to contain exceptionally high levels of β-carotene (up to 6047.52 ± 16.15 ppm) and lycopene (3192.84 ± 20.21 ppm). Among the tested formulations, soft capsules demonstrated lower peroxide value (PV) and better retention of carotenoids, including lycopene β-carotene compared to hard capsules. Furthermore, capsules stored in PTP packaging exhibited enhanced protection against oxidation. Overall, soft capsules combined with PTP packaging provided the most effective approach for maintaining the nutritional quality and oxidative stability of Gac oil during storage.
Keywords: Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng oil; liquid capsule; storage protective; press through packaging (PTP); fat-soluble nutrient Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng oil; liquid capsule; storage protective; press through packaging (PTP); fat-soluble nutrient

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wu, P.-H.; Lin, C.-Y.; Wu, M.-C.; Liu, S.-L.; Wu, S.-J.; Hsieh, C.-W. A Study on the Enhancement of Storage Stability in Formulated Gac Fruit Oil and Its Encapsulated Form. Processes 2025, 13, 1913. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061913

AMA Style

Wu P-H, Lin C-Y, Wu M-C, Liu S-L, Wu S-J, Hsieh C-W. A Study on the Enhancement of Storage Stability in Formulated Gac Fruit Oil and Its Encapsulated Form. Processes. 2025; 13(6):1913. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061913

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wu, Po-Hua, Chia-Yu Lin, Ming-Chang Wu, Shih-Lun Liu, Sz-Jie Wu, and Chang-Wei Hsieh. 2025. "A Study on the Enhancement of Storage Stability in Formulated Gac Fruit Oil and Its Encapsulated Form" Processes 13, no. 6: 1913. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061913

APA Style

Wu, P.-H., Lin, C.-Y., Wu, M.-C., Liu, S.-L., Wu, S.-J., & Hsieh, C.-W. (2025). A Study on the Enhancement of Storage Stability in Formulated Gac Fruit Oil and Its Encapsulated Form. Processes, 13(6), 1913. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061913

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