Effect of Special-Shaped Nozzle Structure on Water Jet Performance
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Equipment and Method
2.1. Experimental Equipment
2.2. Experimental Method
3. Experimental Results and Analysis
3.1. Effect of Special-Shaped Nozzle on Water Jet Impact Pressure
3.1.1. Axial Variation Characteristics of the Impact Pressure at the Center of the Water Jet
3.1.2. Variation Characteristics of Center Impact Pressure with Inlet Pressure of the Special-Shaped Nozzle
3.2. Effect of Special-Shaped Nozzle Structure on Water Jet Flow
4. Numerical Simulation and Analysis
4.1. Construction of Numerical Model
4.2. Model Meshing and Independence Verification
4.3. Resultsand Discussion
4.3.1. Effect of Special-Shaped Nozzle Structure on Water Jet Impact Area
4.3.2. Effect of Special-Shaped Nozzle Structure on Jet Entrainment Rate
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Equipment Name | Parameter | Value |
---|---|---|
Hw200d-s high-pressure plunger pump | Rated pressure (MPa) | 60 |
Rated flow (L/min) | 81 | |
K60L water tank | Volume (L) | 60 |
T207 pressure regulator valve | Pressure regulation range (MPa) | 0–45 |
SK-YLKZ pressure gauge | Measuring range (MPa) | 0–60 |
ZC-LUGB-15 flowmeter | Measuring range (L/min) | 6–130 |
PVF2.25-EK piezoelectric thin film sensor | Diameter (mm) | 0.25 |
Thickness (mm) | 0.1 | |
Sampling frequency (MHz) | 100 | |
Maximum load (GPa) | 5 |
Number | Outlet Shape | Inlet Diameter D (mm) | Length of Contraction Section L1 (mm) | Contraction Angle (°) | Length of Outlet Straight Section L2 (mm) | Area of Outlet Corss-Section (mm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | circle | 10 | 14.93 | 30 | 5 | |
2 | square | 10 | 13.99 | 30 | 5 | |
3 | triangle | 10 | 12.87 | 30 | 5 | |
4 | ellipse | 10 | 11.20 | 30 | 5 | |
5 | cross | 10 | 13.99 | 30 | 5 |
Experimental Pressure (MPa) | Flow (L/min) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Circular Nozzle | Triangular Nozzle | Square Nozzle | Elliptical Nozzle | Cross Nozzle | Inlet Flow | |
10 | 9.41 | 9.75 | 10.22 | 8.51 | 8.16 | 12.00 |
15 | 11.8 | 12.12 | 13.03 | 10.65 | 10.21 | 15.00 |
20 | 14.83 | 15.42 | 16.71 | 13.24 | 12.74 | 19.00 |
25 | 17.37 | 17.93 | 19.56 | 15.16 | 14.83 | 22.00 |
30 | 19.49 | 20.07 | 21.43 | 17.15 | 16.73 | 25.00 |
35 | 21.76 | 22.46 | 23.87 | 19.22 | 18.67 | 28.00 |
Grid Density | Number of Grid (Nozzle) | Number of Grid (External Flow Field) | Maximum Deviation (%) | Minimum Deviation (%) | Average Deviation (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No.1 | 766,475 | 4,315,647 | 10.78 | 8.00 | 10.05 |
No.2 | 1,358,732 | 5,120,646 | 6.16 | 4.46 | 5.39 |
No.3 | 2,567,896 | 5,986,478 | 5.12 | 3.59 | 4.23 |
Outlet Shape | Number of Grid (Nozzle) | Number of Grid (External Flow Field) | Maximum Deviation (%) | Minimum Deviation (%) | Average Deviation (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
square | 1,361,632 | 5,121,164 | 4.92 | 3.86 | 4.26 |
triangle | 1,360,354 | 5,128,044 | 4.58 | 3.42 | 4.05 |
ellipse | 1,361,236 | 5,131,322 | 5.42 | 4.38 | 4.52 |
cross | 1,363,626 | 5,134,566 | 5.86 | 4.16 | 4.66 |
Target Distance X (mm) | Effective Pressure P (MPa) | Circular Nozzle (mm2) | Square Nozzle (mm2) | Triangular Nozzle (mm2) | Elliptical Nozzle (mm2) | Cross Nozzle (mm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X = 40 | P ≥ 16 MPa | 3.36 | 5.74 | 6.27 | - | - |
P ≥ 14 MPa | 5.02 | 9.13 | 9.44 | 2.95 | 2.17 | |
X = 100 | P ≥ 14 MPa | 3.35 | - | 5.22 | - | - |
P ≥ 12 MPa | 5.43 | 6.08 | 9.20 | 1.32 | - | |
X = 160 | P ≥ 10 MPa | 3.17 | 8.41 | 9.27 | - | - |
P ≥ 6 MPa | 7.20 | 24.72 | 27.90 | 4.26 | 4.30 |
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Chen, L.; Gao, D.; Cheng, M.; Cai, Y.; Guo, L. Effect of Special-Shaped Nozzle Structure on Water Jet Performance. Processes 2022, 10, 2066. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10102066
Chen L, Gao D, Cheng M, Cai Y, Guo L. Effect of Special-Shaped Nozzle Structure on Water Jet Performance. Processes. 2022; 10(10):2066. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10102066
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Lihuan, Dianrong Gao, Muzheng Cheng, Yi Cai, and Liwen Guo. 2022. "Effect of Special-Shaped Nozzle Structure on Water Jet Performance" Processes 10, no. 10: 2066. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10102066