First Aid Training for Children in Kindergarten: A Pilot Randomized Control Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- 1.
- Are the kindergarten children able to learn first aid?
- 2.
- How long can the kindergarten children retain first aid knowledge?
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethical Considerations
2.2. Training Program
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
- 1.
- Gender:
- 2.
- Age: 4 5 6
- 3.
- A severe accident happens in front of you, and you must call an ambulance. What do you have to do? The pictures below show the actions you need to take, but they are in random order. Put them in the correct order by filling in the numbers 1 to 4.
- 4.
- What would you do if your friend hurts her/his head lightly?
- Circle the correct answer.
- a.
- You immediately tell your friend to get up and continue your game.
- b.
- You put toothpaste on your friend’s wound.
- c.
- You help your friend sit on a chair and ask if he/she is dizzy.
- 5.
- What would you do if, while playing with your friend, he/she gets injured severely?
- Circle the correct answer.
- a.
- You help your friend get up.
- b.
- You run away to avoid punishment.
- c.
- You call for help and do not move him/her.
- 6.
- What would you do if your friend injures his/her palm and the wound is slightly bleeding?
- Circle the correct answer.
- a.
- You apply pressure to the wound with a gauze pad or clean cloth.
- b.
- You wipe the blood with your hand.
- c.
- You apply toothpaste to the wound.
- 7.
- What would you do if you got a nosebleed?
- Circle the correct answer.
- a.
- You would call an ambulance.
- b.
- You would sit on a chair with your head facing down.
- c.
- You would hold your head up to stop bleeding.
- 8.
- When calling an ambulance, you must press:
- Circle the correct answer.
- a.
- 100
- b.
- 166
- c.
- 199
- 9.
- Would you call the ambulance if:
- Circle the correct answer.
- a.
- Someone is injured lightly on the hand.
- b.
- Someone was severely injured on the head.
- c.
- Someone is injured lightly on the leg.
- 10.
- What should you say on the phone when you call an ambulance?
- Circle the correct answer.
- a.
- Your name and description of the accident.
- b.
- Describe the accident.
- c.
- Your name, the location of the accident, a description of the accident, and the number of injured people
- 11.
- What would you do if your friend chokes while eating his/her food?
- Circle the correct answer.
- a.
- You give your friend water.
- b.
- You leave your friend alone.
- c.
- You slap your friend on the back.
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Comparison between Groups | p Value |
---|---|
Control vs. pre-training | 0.3634 |
Control vs. post training at day 1 | <0.0001 |
Control vs. follow-up 2 months | <0.0001 |
Control vs. follow-up 6 months | 0.0008 |
Pre-training vs. post-training at day 1 | 0.0002 |
Pre-training vs. follow-up 2 months | 0.0002 |
Pre-training vs. follow-up 6 months | 0.0066 |
Post-training at day 1 vs. follow-up 2 months | 0.7 |
Post-training at day 1 vs. follow-up 6 months | 0.12 |
Topic | Activity | Pre-Training | Post-Training | After 2 Months | After 6 Months | Control Group |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Call the ambulance | Correct telephone number | 64 | 86 | 64 | 79 | 40 |
Correct reason to call the ambulance | 93 | 93 | 93 | 100 | 70 | |
Correct information given to the rescuers | 26 | 64 | 78 | 76 | 30 | |
Correct actions to call the ambulance | 36 | 50 | 36 | 36 | 30 | |
Manage bleeding | Correct reaction to nose bleeding | 21 | 86 | 71 | 26 | 10 |
Correct reaction to minor bleeding | 64 | 100 | 100 | 93 | 50 | |
Choking | Correct reaction to choking | 21 | 71 | 71 | 57 | 30 |
Injury | Correct reaction to head injury | 76 | 100 | 93 | 86 | 70 |
Correct reaction to trauma | 0 | 71 | 64 | 43 | 10 |
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Tse, E.; Plakitsi, K.; Voulgaris, S.; Alexiou, G.A. First Aid Training for Children in Kindergarten: A Pilot Randomized Control Study. Children 2022, 9, 1626. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9111626
Tse E, Plakitsi K, Voulgaris S, Alexiou GA. First Aid Training for Children in Kindergarten: A Pilot Randomized Control Study. Children. 2022; 9(11):1626. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9111626
Chicago/Turabian StyleTse, Eleana, Katerina Plakitsi, Spyridon Voulgaris, and George A. Alexiou. 2022. "First Aid Training for Children in Kindergarten: A Pilot Randomized Control Study" Children 9, no. 11: 1626. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9111626