Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Gastric Content and Volume in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Research Framework
2.2. Participant Selection
2.3. Gastric Antrum Ultrasound Examination
2.4. Sample Size and Statistical Assessment
3. Results
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Female | 30 | (30.9) |
Male | 67 | (69.1) | |
ASA | I | 88 | (90.7) |
II | 9 | (9.3) | |
Surgery type | Orthopedic surgery | 2 | (2.1) |
Pediatric surgery | 83 | (85.6) | |
ENT surgery | 4 | (4.1) | |
Urologic surgery | 8 | (8.2) | |
Gastric content | Grade 0 | 55 | (56.7) |
Grade 1 | 37 | (38.1) | |
Grade 2 | 5 | (5.2) |
Median (Interquartile Range) | Range (Min–Max) | |
---|---|---|
Age (month) | 72.00 (47.00–135.00) | 24–212 |
Height (cm) | 116.00 (103.00–147.00) | 1.32–180 |
Weight (kg) | 22.00 (16.50–41.00) | 12–76 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 17.46 (15.80–19.09) | 12.75–23.89 |
Last solid intake time (h) | 9.00 (8.00–9.00) | 6–12 |
Last thick liquid intake time (h) | 9.00 (8.00–9.00) | 4–12 |
Last clear liquid intake time (h) | 4.00 (3.00–6.00) | 2–10 |
Antral RLD CSA (cm2) | 2.36 (1.44–4.20) | 0.48–6.34 |
Gastric volume (mL/kg) | 0.46 (0.33–0.72) | 0.1–1.29 |
Gastric volume (mL) | 13.41 (7.68–20.79) | 2.16–38.1 |
Grade 0 (n = 55) | Grade 1 (n = 37) | Grade 2 (n = 5) | p a | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Antral RLD CSA (cm2) median (IQR) | 1.49 (0.94–2.08) | 4.29 (3.66–4.73) | 5.96 (4.59–6.02) | <0.001 |
Antral RLD CSA (cm2) mean (95% CI) | 1.58 (1.39–1.77) | 4.25 (3.94–4.57) | 5.44 (4.27–6.60) | |
Calculated gastric volume (mL/kg) median (IQR) | 0.34 (0.20–0.40) | 0.72 (0.56–0.83) | 0.81 (0.81–1.01) | <0.001 |
Calculated gastric volume (mL/kg) mean (95% CI) | 0.32 (0.29–0.36) | 0.72 (0.64–0.80) | 0.93 (0.71–1.15) |
Grade 0 (n = 55) | Grade 1 (n = 37) | Grade 2 (n = 5) | p a | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gastric volume > 0.8 mL/kg | 1 | (1.8%) | 13 | (35.1%) | 5 | (100.0%) | <0.001 |
Gastric volume > 1 mL/kg | 0 | (0.0%) | 4 | (10.8%) | 2 | (40.0%) | 0.002 |
Gastric volume > 1.25 mL/kg | 0 | (0.0%) | 1 | (2.7%) | 0 | (0.0%) | 0.433 |
Gastric volume > 1.5 mL/kg | 0 | (0.0%) | 0 | (0.0%) | 0 | (0.0%) | * |
Grade 0 | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | |
---|---|---|---|
Rho (p) | Rho (p) | Rho (p) | |
BMI | 0.542 (<0.001) | 0.143 (0.397) | 0.000 (>0.999) |
Age (month) | 0.796 (<0.001) | 0.622 (<0.001) | 0.667 (0.219) |
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Demirel, A.; Özgünay, Ş.E.; Eminoğlu, Ş.; Balkaya, A.N.; Onur, T.; Kılıçarslan, N.; Gamlı, M. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Gastric Content and Volume in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study. Children 2023, 10, 1432. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091432
Demirel A, Özgünay ŞE, Eminoğlu Ş, Balkaya AN, Onur T, Kılıçarslan N, Gamlı M. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Gastric Content and Volume in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study. Children. 2023; 10(9):1432. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091432
Chicago/Turabian StyleDemirel, Asiye, Şeyda Efsun Özgünay, Şermin Eminoğlu, Ayşe Neslihan Balkaya, Tuğba Onur, Nermin Kılıçarslan, and Mehmet Gamlı. 2023. "Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Gastric Content and Volume in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study" Children 10, no. 9: 1432. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091432
APA StyleDemirel, A., Özgünay, Ş. E., Eminoğlu, Ş., Balkaya, A. N., Onur, T., Kılıçarslan, N., & Gamlı, M. (2023). Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Gastric Content and Volume in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study. Children, 10(9), 1432. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091432