CuO Thin Films Functionalized with Gold Nanoparticles for Conductometric Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing

Wimmer-Teubenbacher, Robert; Sosada-Ludwikowska, Florentyna; Zaragoza Travieso, Bernat; Defregger, Stefan; Tokmak, Oeznur; Niehaus, Jan Steffen; Deluca, Marco; Köck, Anton

doi:10.3390/chemosensors6040056

Open AccessArticle

CuO Thin Films Functionalized with Gold Nanoparticles for Conductometric Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing

by

Robert Wimmer-Teubenbacher

^1,*

,

Florentyna Sosada-Ludwikowska

¹

,

Bernat Zaragoza Travieso

¹,

Stefan Defregger

¹,

Oeznur Tokmak

²,

Jan Steffen Niehaus

²,

Marco Deluca

¹

and

Anton Köck

¹

Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH, A-8700 Leoben, Austria

²

Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung IAP-CAN, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Chemosensors 2018, 6(4), 56; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors6040056

Submission received: 28 August 2018 / Revised: 16 November 2018 / Accepted: 21 November 2018 / Published: 22 November 2018

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Abstract

Metal oxides (MOx) are a well-established material for gas sensing. MOx-based gas sensors are sensitive to a wide variety of gases. Furthermore, these materials can be applied for the fabrication of low-cost and -power consumption devices in mass production. The market of carbon dioxide (CO

_{2}

) gas sensors is mainly dominated by infra-red (IR)-based gas sensors. Only a few MOx materials show a sensitivity to CO

_{2}

and so far, none of these materials have been integrated on CMOS platforms suitable for mass production. In this work, we report a cupric oxide (CuO) thin film-based gas sensor functionalized with gold (Au) nanoparticles, which exhibits exceptional sensitivity to CO

_{2}

. The CuO-based gas sensors are fabricated by electron beam lithography, thermal evaporation and lift-off process to form patterned copper (Cu) structures. These structures are thermally oxidized to form a continuous CuO film. Gold nanoparticles are drop-coated on the CuO thin films to enhance their sensitivity towards CO

_{2}

. The CuO thin films fabricated by this method are already sensitive to CO

_{2}

; however, the functionalization of the CuO film strongly increases the sensitivity of the base material. Compared to the pristine CuO thin film the Au functionalized CuO film shows at equal operation temperatures (300

^{\circ}

C) an increase of sensitivity towards the same gas concentration (e.g., 2000 ppm CO

_{2}

) by a factor of 13. The process flow used to fabricate Au functionalized CuO gas sensors can be applied on CMOS platforms in specific post processing steps.

Keywords: metal oxides; gas sensors; CuO; CO₂; CMOS integration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wimmer-Teubenbacher, R.; Sosada-Ludwikowska, F.; Zaragoza Travieso, B.; Defregger, S.; Tokmak, O.; Niehaus, J.S.; Deluca, M.; Köck, A. CuO Thin Films Functionalized with Gold Nanoparticles for Conductometric Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing. Chemosensors 2018, 6, 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors6040056

AMA Style

Wimmer-Teubenbacher R, Sosada-Ludwikowska F, Zaragoza Travieso B, Defregger S, Tokmak O, Niehaus JS, Deluca M, Köck A. CuO Thin Films Functionalized with Gold Nanoparticles for Conductometric Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing. Chemosensors. 2018; 6(4):56. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors6040056

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wimmer-Teubenbacher, Robert, Florentyna Sosada-Ludwikowska, Bernat Zaragoza Travieso, Stefan Defregger, Oeznur Tokmak, Jan Steffen Niehaus, Marco Deluca, and Anton Köck. 2018. "CuO Thin Films Functionalized with Gold Nanoparticles for Conductometric Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing" Chemosensors 6, no. 4: 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors6040056

APA Style

Wimmer-Teubenbacher, R., Sosada-Ludwikowska, F., Zaragoza Travieso, B., Defregger, S., Tokmak, O., Niehaus, J. S., Deluca, M., & Köck, A. (2018). CuO Thin Films Functionalized with Gold Nanoparticles for Conductometric Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing. Chemosensors, 6(4), 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors6040056

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CuO Thin Films Functionalized with Gold Nanoparticles for Conductometric Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensing

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