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Article

Predicting Adsorption Performance Based on the Properties of Activated Carbon: A Case Study of Shenqi Fuzheng System

1
Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2
Zhuhai Livzon Modernized Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519060, China
3
Guangdong Province Enterprise Key Laboratory for R&D and Industrialization of High-End Liquid Pharmaceutical Preparations, Shaoguan 512028, China
4
Livzon Group Limin Pharmaceutical Factory, Shaoguan 512028, China
5
Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321016, China
6
National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Chemosensors 2025, 13(8), 279; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13080279 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 21 June 2025 / Revised: 21 July 2025 / Accepted: 30 July 2025 / Published: 1 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Analytical Methods, Instrumentation and Miniaturization)

Abstract

This work aims to solve the problem of product quality fluctuations caused by batch-to-batch variations in the adsorption capacity of activated carbon during the production of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections. In this work, Shenqi Fuzheng injection was selected as an example. Diluted Shenqi Extract (DSE), an intermediate in the production process of Shenqi Fuzheng injection, was adsorbed with different batches of activated carbon. The adsorption capacities of adenine, adenosine, calycosin-7-glucoside, and astragaloside IV in DSE were selected as evaluation indices for activated carbon absorption. Characterization methods such as nitrogen adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were chosen to explore the quantitative relationships between the properties of activated carbon (i.e., specific surface area, pore volume, surface elements, and spectrum) and the adsorption capacities of these four components. It was found that the characteristic wavelengths from FTIR characterization, i.e., 1560 cm−1, 2325 cm−1, 3050 cm−1, and 3442 cm−1, etc., showed the strongest correlation with the adsorption capacities of these four components. Prediction models based on the transmittance at characteristic wavelengths were successfully established via multiple linear regression. In validation experiments of models, the relative errors of predicted adsorption capacities of activated carbon were mostly within 5%, indicating good predictive ability of the models. The results of this work suggest that the prediction method of adsorption capacity based on the mid-infrared spectrum can provide a new way for the quality control of activated carbon.
Keywords: activated carbon; Shenqi Fuzheng system; mid-infrared spectrum; prediction of adsorption capacity activated carbon; Shenqi Fuzheng system; mid-infrared spectrum; prediction of adsorption capacity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tang, Z.; Chen, B.; Huang, W.; Liu, X.; Wang, X.; Gong, X. Predicting Adsorption Performance Based on the Properties of Activated Carbon: A Case Study of Shenqi Fuzheng System. Chemosensors 2025, 13, 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13080279

AMA Style

Tang Z, Chen B, Huang W, Liu X, Wang X, Gong X. Predicting Adsorption Performance Based on the Properties of Activated Carbon: A Case Study of Shenqi Fuzheng System. Chemosensors. 2025; 13(8):279. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13080279

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tang, Zhilong, Bo Chen, Wenhua Huang, Xuehua Liu, Xinyu Wang, and Xingchu Gong. 2025. "Predicting Adsorption Performance Based on the Properties of Activated Carbon: A Case Study of Shenqi Fuzheng System" Chemosensors 13, no. 8: 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13080279

APA Style

Tang, Z., Chen, B., Huang, W., Liu, X., Wang, X., & Gong, X. (2025). Predicting Adsorption Performance Based on the Properties of Activated Carbon: A Case Study of Shenqi Fuzheng System. Chemosensors, 13(8), 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13080279

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