Smartphone Addiction and Depression among Low-Income Boys since COVID-19: The Moderating Effect of Being an Only Child
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Literature Review
1.1.1. Smartphone Use among Adolescents since COVID-19
1.1.2. Smartphone Addiction among Adolescents since COVID-19
1.1.3. Depression among Adolescents since COVID-19
2. The Current Study
3. Methods
3.1. Participants and Sampling
3.2. Measures
3.2.1. Depression
3.2.2. Smartphone Addiction
3.2.3. Being an Only Child
3.2.4. Control Variables
3.3. Analysis Strategies
4. Results
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | % or Mean (SD) |
---|---|
Depression | 5.47 (4.44) |
Smartphone addiction | 10.97 (4.92) |
Being an only child | 25.60 % |
Age | 17.57 (1.89) |
Academic achievement | 7.67 (3.78) |
Parents’ educational attainment | 43.4% |
Variables | ||
---|---|---|
(Constant) | −6.04 (3.84) | |
Smartphone addiction | 0.23 (0.08) | ** |
Age | 0.51 (0.19) | * |
Academic achievement | −0.00 (0.09) | |
Parents’ educational attainment | −0.65 (0.72) | |
Moderator | ||
Being an only child | −3.86 (1.96) | |
Moderating effect | ||
Smartphone addiction * Being an only child | 0.54 (0.18) | ** |
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Lee, J.; Lim, H.; Allen, J.; Choi, G.; Jung, J. Smartphone Addiction and Depression among Low-Income Boys since COVID-19: The Moderating Effect of Being an Only Child. Healthcare 2021, 9, 1350. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101350
Lee J, Lim H, Allen J, Choi G, Jung J. Smartphone Addiction and Depression among Low-Income Boys since COVID-19: The Moderating Effect of Being an Only Child. Healthcare. 2021; 9(10):1350. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101350
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Jaewon, Hyejung Lim, Jennifer Allen, Gyuhyun Choi, and Jiyu Jung. 2021. "Smartphone Addiction and Depression among Low-Income Boys since COVID-19: The Moderating Effect of Being an Only Child" Healthcare 9, no. 10: 1350. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101350