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Article

Oral Health Behavior and Lifestyle Factors among Overweight and Non-Overweight Young Adults in Europe: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study

by
Annamari Nihtila
1,2,
Nicola West
3,
Adrian Lussi
4,
Philippe Bouchard
5,
Livia Ottolenghi
6,
Egita Senekola
7,
Juan Carlos Llodra
8,
Stephane Viennot
2 and
Denis Bourgeois
2,*
1
Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicines, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern, P.O.B. 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
2
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69100, France
3
School of Oral and Dental Science, Bristol Dental School & Hospital, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
4
Department of Preventive, Restorative and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
5
Department of Periodontology, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris 5-Descartes University, Paris 75006, France
6
Department of Sciences, University Sapienza, Roma 00185, Italy
7
Riga Institute, University of Riga, Riga 1007, Latvia
8
Juan Carlos Llodra, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18010, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Healthcare 2016, 4(2), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4020021
Submission received: 28 February 2016 / Revised: 25 March 2016 / Accepted: 30 March 2016 / Published: 6 April 2016
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Abstract

Being overweight is a risk factor for many chronic diseases including oral diseases. Our aim was to study the associations between oral health behavior, lifestyle factors and being overweight among young European adults, 2011–2012. The subjects constituted a representative sample of adult population aged 18–35 years from eight European countries participating in the Escarcel study. The participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on dietary habits, oral health behavior, smoking, exercise, height, and weight. Overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 using the World Health Organization criteria. Mean BMI was 23.2 (SD 3.48) and 24.3% of the study population were overweight. Those who were overweight drank more soft drinks (p = 0.005) and energy drinks (p = 0.006) compared with those who were non-overweight. Brushing once a day (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.3-2.0), emergency treatment as the reason for last dental visit (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.3–1.9) and having seven or more eating or drinking occasions daily (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.7) were statistically significantly associated with overweight. Associations were found between oral health behavior, lifestyle and overweight. A greater awareness of the detrimental lifestyle factors including inadequate oral health habits among overweight young adults is important for all healthcare providers, including oral health care professionals.
Keywords: overweight; young adults; oral health behavior; soft drinks; energy drinks; dietary advice; physical exercise overweight; young adults; oral health behavior; soft drinks; energy drinks; dietary advice; physical exercise

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nihtila, A.; West, N.; Lussi, A.; Bouchard, P.; Ottolenghi, L.; Senekola, E.; Llodra, J.C.; Viennot, S.; Bourgeois, D. Oral Health Behavior and Lifestyle Factors among Overweight and Non-Overweight Young Adults in Europe: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study. Healthcare 2016, 4, 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4020021

AMA Style

Nihtila A, West N, Lussi A, Bouchard P, Ottolenghi L, Senekola E, Llodra JC, Viennot S, Bourgeois D. Oral Health Behavior and Lifestyle Factors among Overweight and Non-Overweight Young Adults in Europe: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study. Healthcare. 2016; 4(2):21. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4020021

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nihtila, Annamari, Nicola West, Adrian Lussi, Philippe Bouchard, Livia Ottolenghi, Egita Senekola, Juan Carlos Llodra, Stephane Viennot, and Denis Bourgeois. 2016. "Oral Health Behavior and Lifestyle Factors among Overweight and Non-Overweight Young Adults in Europe: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study" Healthcare 4, no. 2: 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4020021

APA Style

Nihtila, A., West, N., Lussi, A., Bouchard, P., Ottolenghi, L., Senekola, E., Llodra, J. C., Viennot, S., & Bourgeois, D. (2016). Oral Health Behavior and Lifestyle Factors among Overweight and Non-Overweight Young Adults in Europe: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study. Healthcare, 4(2), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4020021

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