Analysis of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Model of Healthcare Professionals on Hearing Loss at Elderly Dementia Residences in Korea
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Characteristics of Participants
2.2. Survey Tool
2.3. Main Outcome Measurement
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Statistics and Self-Reported Knowledge, Attitudes, and Health-Seeking Practices
3.2. Validation of the Pooled Measurement Model
3.3. Confirmation of Structural Model
4. Discussion
4.1. Impact of Knowledge on Attitudes and Health-Seeking Practices
4.2. Impact of Attitudes on Health-Seeking Practices
4.3. Limitation of the Current Study
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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Variables | Facility Manager (n = 104) | Healthcare Professionals (n = 453) |
---|---|---|
Age (years, mean ± SD) | 38.10 ± 12.73 | 38.51 ± 9.74 |
Gender (male: female) | 7: 97 | 57: 396 |
Ethnic or Cultural Background (numbers, %) | ||
Korean | 104 (100.00%) | 452 (99.78%) |
Others | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (0.22%) |
Job Title (numbers, %) | ||
Facility Manager | 5 (4.81%) | 25 (5.52%) |
Registered Nurse/ Licensed Practical Nurse | 56 (53.85%) | 213 (47.02%) |
Nurse Aide/ Certified Nursing Assistant | 0 (0.00%) | 13 (2.87%) |
Allied Healthcare Professional (inclusion of occupational therapists, physiotherapists, and other trained health care professionals) | 2 (1.92%) | 195 (43.05%) |
Care Workers (care assistant, caregiver, etc.) (paid non-professional care workers, including front-line care workers and care assistants of patients with activities of daily living) | 32 (30.77%) | 7 (1.55%) |
Others | 9 (8.65%) | 0 (0.00%) |
Years in Profession (numbers, %) | ||
2 years or less | 35 (33.65%) | 72 (15.89%) |
2 to 5 years | 40 (38.46%) | 69 (15.23%) |
5 to 10 years | 11 (10.58%) | 165 (36.42%) |
10 years or more | 18 (17.31%) | 141 (31.13%) |
Professional Qualifications (numbers, %) | ||
Graduate school graduation | N/A | 42 (9.27%) |
University graduation | N/A | 271 (59.82%) |
College graduation (or equivalent) | N/A | 119 (26.27%) |
High school graduation | N/A | 18 (3.97%) |
Middle school graduation | N/A | 3 (0.66%) |
Facility Locations (numbers, %) | ||
Seoul | 28 (26.92%) | 50 (11.04%) |
Incheon | 5 (4.81%) | 16 (3.53%) |
Daejeon | 1 (0.96%) | 15 (3.31%) |
Gwangju | 1 (0.96%) | 9 (1.99%) |
Daegu | 0 (0.00%) | 6 (1.32%) |
Ulsan | 1 (0.96%) | 0 (0.00%) |
Busan | 12 (11.54%) | 46 (10.15%) |
Sejong | 0 (0.00%) | 2 (0.44%) |
Gyeonggi | 10 (9.62%) | 71 (15.67%) |
Gangwon | 4 (3.85%) | 61 (13.47%) |
Chungcheonbuk | 7 (6.73%) | 21 (4.64%) |
Chungcheonnam | 2 (1.92%) | 41 (9.05%) |
Jeollabuk | 2 (1.92%) | 15 (3.31%) |
Jeollanam | 5 (4.81%) | 20 (4.42%) |
Gyeongsangbuk | 2 (1.92%) | 24 (5.30%) |
Gyeongsangnam | 21 (20.19%) | 48 (10.60%) |
Jeju | 0 (0.00%) | 8 (1.77%) |
Variables | Facility Manager (n = 104) |
---|---|
Number of workers (numbers, %) | |
1 to 10 | 9 (8.65%) |
11 to 20 | 77 (74.04%) |
21 to 30 | 13 (12.5%) |
31 to 40 | 4 (3.85%) |
Over 40 | 1 (0.96%) |
Number of patients (numbers, %) | |
Under 1000 | 8 (33.33%) |
1001 to 2000 | 7 (29.17%) |
2001 to 3000 | 5 (20.83%) |
Over 3000 | 4 (16.67%) |
% of patients with dementia (numbers) | |
0 to 25% | 44.23% (46) |
26 to 50% | 25.96% (27) |
51 to 75% | 10.58% (11) |
76 to 100% | 19.23% (20) |
% of patients with hearing loss (numbers) | |
0 to 25% | 48.08% (50) |
26 to 50% | 37.50% (39) |
51 to 75% | 12.50% (13) |
76 to 100% | 1.92% (2) |
% of patients with hearing aids (numbers) | |
0 to 25% | 67.31% (70) |
26 to 50% | 28.85% (30) |
51 to 75% | 3.85% (4) |
76 to 100% | 0.00% (0) |
Education Experience (numbers, %) | 96 (92.05%) |
Latent Variable | Observed Variable | B | Beta | SE | AVE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Knowledge | MK1 | 0.693 | 0.621 | 0.186 | 0.621 *** |
MK2 | 0.716 | 0.664 | 0.132 | 0.664 *** | |
MK3 | 0.384 | 0.447 | 0.160 | 0.447 * | |
MK4 | 0.692 | 0.661 | 0.122 | 0.661 *** | |
Attitudes | MA1 | 0.372 | 0.379 | 0.126 | 0.379 ** |
MA2 | 0.614 | 0.571 | 0.117 | 0.571 *** | |
MA3 | 0.677 | 0.738 | 0.138 | 0.738 *** | |
MA4 | 0.499 | 0.629 | 0.130 | 0.629 *** | |
MA5 | 0.623 | 0.737 | 0.134 | 0.737 *** | |
Health-Seeking Practices | MP1 | 0.102 | 0.383 | 0.044 | 0.383 ** |
MP2 | −0.004 | −0.032 | 0.004 | −0.032 | |
MP3 | 0.055 | 0.220 | 0.034 | 0.220 | |
MP4 | 0.033 | 0.240 | 0.022 | 0.240 * | |
MP5 | −0.016 | −0.097 | 0.015 | −0.097 | |
MP6 | −0.024 | −0.127 | 0.012 | −0.127 ** | |
MP7 | −0.005 | −0.024 | 0.011 | −0.024 | |
MP8 | 0.230 | 0.696 | 0.047 | 0.696 *** | |
MP9 | 0.271 | 0.615 | 0.048 | 0.615 *** | |
MP10 | 0.287 | 0.611 | 0.039 | 0.611 *** | |
MP12 | 0.145 | 0.175 | 0.094 | 0.175 |
Latent Variable | Observed Variable | B | Beta | SE | AVE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Knowledge | HK1 | 0.448 | 0.484 | 0.049 | 0.484 *** |
HK2 | 0.616 | 0.755 | 0.054 | 0.755 *** | |
HK3 | 0.645 | 0.776 | 0.040 | 0.776 *** | |
HK4 | 0.602 | 0.771 | 0.038 | 0.771 *** | |
HK5 | 0.569 | 0.793 | 0.035 | 0.793 *** | |
HK6 | 0.454 | 0.540 | 0.040 | 0.540 *** | |
Attitudes | HA1 | 0.433 | 0.515 | 0.054 | 0.515 *** |
HA2 | 0.478 | 0.570 | 0.054 | 0.570 *** | |
HA3 | 0.574 | 0.702 | 0.056 | 0.702 *** | |
Health-Seeking Practices | HP1 | 0.056 | 0.296 | 0.022 | 0.296 * |
HP2 | 0.142 | 0.526 | 0.031 | 0.526 *** | |
HP3 | 0.096 | 0.308 | 0.024 | 0.308 *** |
Goodness-Of-Fit Indices | References | Facility Manager | Healthcare Professionals | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic Model | Final Model | Basic Model | Final Model | ||
Significance of chi-square | p > 0.05 Wheaton et al. [29] | 0.000 | 0.922 | 0.000 | 0.857 |
RMSEA | RMSEA < 0.08 Browne and Cudeck [30] | 0.064 | 0.000 | 0.072 | 0.000 |
GFI | GFI > 0.09 Jöreskog and Sörbom [31] | 0.824 | 0.910 | 0.939 | 0.993 |
AGFI | AGFI > 0.09 Tanaka and Huba [32] | 0.778 | 0.867 | 0.907 | 0.979 |
CFI | CFI > 0.09 Bentler [33] | 0.901 | 1.000 | 0.919 | 1.000 |
NFI | NFI > 0.09 Bollen [34] | 0.567 | 0.783 | 0.889 | 0.987 |
χ2/df ratio | χ2/df ratio < 3.0 Marsh and Hocevar [35] | 1.432 | 0.837 | 3.35 | 0.72 |
ANOVA results: χ2(24) = 119.36, p < 0.001 | ANOVA results: χ2(24) = 151.68, p < 0.001 |
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Kwak, C.; Seo, Y.J.; Park, K.H.; Han, W. Analysis of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Model of Healthcare Professionals on Hearing Loss at Elderly Dementia Residences in Korea. Healthcare 2022, 10, 792. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10050792
Kwak C, Seo YJ, Park KH, Han W. Analysis of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Model of Healthcare Professionals on Hearing Loss at Elderly Dementia Residences in Korea. Healthcare. 2022; 10(5):792. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10050792
Chicago/Turabian StyleKwak, Chanbeom, Young Joon Seo, Kyoung Ho Park, and Woojae Han. 2022. "Analysis of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Model of Healthcare Professionals on Hearing Loss at Elderly Dementia Residences in Korea" Healthcare 10, no. 5: 792. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10050792
APA StyleKwak, C., Seo, Y. J., Park, K. H., & Han, W. (2022). Analysis of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Model of Healthcare Professionals on Hearing Loss at Elderly Dementia Residences in Korea. Healthcare, 10(5), 792. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10050792