The Effects of Interactive eBooks on Dyspnea Assessment and Management among Emergency Medical Technicians: A Repeated-Measures Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Design of the Interactive eBook
2.3. Instruments
2.3.1. Demographic Data Sheet
2.3.2. Motivation for Learning
2.3.3. Cognition Test (Version A, and B)
2.3.4. Confidence in Dyspnea Assessment and Management
2.4. Procedures
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participant Characteristics
3.2. Effects on Motivation, Cognition, and Confidence
4. Discussion
Research Limitation
5. Conclusions
Practical Implication
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | CG (n = 61) N (%) | EG (n = 56) N (%) | Z/χ2 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender a | 0.518 | 0.604 | ||
female | 6 (9.8) | 4 (7.1) | ||
male | 55 (90.2) | 52 (92.9) | ||
Age b | 0.156 | 0.692 | ||
20~24 | 19 (31.1) | 18 (32.1) | ||
25~30 | 34 (55.7) | 33 (58.9) | ||
>30 | 8 (13.1) | 5 (8.9) | ||
Education b | 1.022 | 0.312 | ||
High school | 9 (14.8) | 5 (8.9) | ||
Associate degree | 13 (21.3) | 10 (17.9) | ||
Bachelor | 33 (54.1) | 35 (62.5) | ||
Master | 6 (9.8) | 6 (10.7) | ||
Medical educational background a | −1.564 | 0.118 | ||
No | 57 (93.4) | 55 (98.2) | ||
Yes | 4 (6.6) | 1 (1.8) | ||
Experience of emergency care a | −0.222 | 0.825 | ||
No | 50 (82) | 45 (80.4) | ||
Yes | 11 (18) | 11 (19.6) | ||
Heard of eBook a | −0.320 | 0.749 | ||
No | 42 (68.9) | 37 (66.1) | ||
Yes | 19(31.1) | 19(33.9) | ||
Experience of using eBook a | −0.167 | 0.867 | ||
No | 55 (90.2) | 51 (91.1) | ||
Yes | 6 (9.8) | 5 (8.9) |
Group | n | Mean | S.D. | Adjusted Mean | Std. Error | F Value | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Motivation | 3.95 | 0.049 * | |||||
EG | 56 | 20.34 | 2.67 | 20.34 | 0.40 | ||
CG | 61 | 19.18 | 3.49 | 19.20 | 0.42 | ||
Cognition | 29.62 | 0.000 ** | |||||
EG | 56 | 12.39 | 1.33 | 12.44 | 0.17 | ||
CG | 61 | 11.16 | 1.56 | 11.12 | 0.17 | ||
Confidence | 1.50 | 0.224 | |||||
EG | 56 | 35.50 | 5.97 | 35.54 | 0.85 | ||
CG | 61 | 34.13 | 6.58 | 34.10 | 0.81 |
Group | n | Mean | S.D. | Adjusted Mean | Std. Error | F Value | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Motivation | 5.96 | 0.016 * | |||||
EG | 56 | 19.7 | 2.52 | 19.69 | 0.402 | ||
CG | 61 | 18.33 | 3.4 | 18.33 | 0.386 | ||
Cognition | 1.71 | 0.194 | |||||
EG | 56 | 10.95 | 1.79 | 11.01 | 0.193 | ||
CG | 61 | 10.72 | 1.71 | 10.66 | 0.185 | ||
Confidence | 7.94 | 0.006 ** | |||||
EG | 56 | 38 | 5.31 | 38.07 | 0.778 | ||
CG | 61 | 35.1 | 6.27 | 35.03 | 0.745 |
Parameter | Motivation | Cognition | Confidence | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | p | β | p | β | p | |
Intercept | 20.15 | <0.001 *** | 8.25 | <0.001 *** | 33.34 | <0.001 *** |
Treatment Group (EG vs. CG) | −0.09 | 0.881 | −0.21 | 0.492 | −1.33 | 0.316 |
Time (T2 vs. T0) | −1.82 | 0.006 ** | 2.48 | <0.001 *** | 1.75 | 0.084 |
Time (T1 vs. T0) | −0.97 | 0.141 | 2.92 | <0.001 *** | 0.79 | 0.518 |
Interaction EG × (T2 vs. T0) | 1.46 | 0.092 | 0.44 | 0.129 | 4.23 | 0.008 ** |
Interaction EG × (T1 vs. T0) | 1.25 | 0.158 | 1.44 | <0.001 *** | 2.70 | 0.111 |
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Sung, C.-K.; Kuo, C.-L.; Kuan, J.-T. The Effects of Interactive eBooks on Dyspnea Assessment and Management among Emergency Medical Technicians: A Repeated-Measures Analysis. Healthcare 2022, 10, 1932. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101932
Sung C-K, Kuo C-L, Kuan J-T. The Effects of Interactive eBooks on Dyspnea Assessment and Management among Emergency Medical Technicians: A Repeated-Measures Analysis. Healthcare. 2022; 10(10):1932. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101932
Chicago/Turabian StyleSung, Chiu-Kuei, Chien-Lin Kuo, and Jen-Tse Kuan. 2022. "The Effects of Interactive eBooks on Dyspnea Assessment and Management among Emergency Medical Technicians: A Repeated-Measures Analysis" Healthcare 10, no. 10: 1932. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101932