Optimal Strategies in Green Supply Chains When Considering Consumers’ Green Preferences and Government Subsidies
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Problem Description and Model Assumptions
3. Model Construction and Solution
3.1. Manufacturer-Led Model with Product Subsidies (PM)
3.2. Retailer-Led Model with Product Subsidies (PR)
3.3. Manufacturer-Led Model with Technology Subsidies (TM)
3.4. Retailer-Led Model with Technology Subsidies (TR)
4. Analysis of the Impact of Consumers’ Green Preferences and Government Subsidies on Optimal Decisions
4.1. Impact on Optimal Decisions Under the PM Scenario
4.2. Impact on Optimal Decisions Under the PR Scenario
4.3. Impact on Optimal Decisions Under the TM Scenario
4.4. Impact on Optimal Decisions Under the TR Scenario
5. Simulation Analysis
5.1. Analysis of the Impact of Consumers’ Green Preferences
5.1.1. Effects of Consumers’ Green Preferences on Wholesale Price and Retail Price
5.1.2. Effects of Consumers’ Green Preferences on Green Technology Level and Sales Effort Level
5.1.3. Effects of Consumers’ Green Preferences on Sales Volume and Environmental Benefits
5.1.4. Effects of Consumers’ Green Preferences on Profit
5.2. Analysis of the Impact of the Government Subsidy Level
5.2.1. Effects of Government Subsidy Level on Wholesale Price and Retail Price
5.2.2. Effects of Government Subsidy Level on Green Technology Level and Sales Effort Level
5.2.3. Effects of Government Subsidy Level on Sales Volume and Environmental Benefits
5.2.4. Effects of Government Subsidy Level on Profit
6. Conclusions and Discussion
Theoretical and Practical Implications
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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Parameters | Descriptions |
---|---|
Wholesale price | |
Retail price | |
Retailer’s marginal profit | |
Unit manufacturing cost of green products | |
Green technology level of the product | |
Green technology R&D cost coefficient | |
Sales effort cost coefficient | |
Retailer’s sales effort level | |
Potential market size | |
Consumer’s green preference coefficient | |
Consumer’s sensitivity to the sales effort level | |
Green product sales subsidy amount | |
Subsidy amount per unit of greenness level | |
Manufacturer’s emission reduction efficiency coefficient | |
Environmental benefit per unit of emission reduction | |
Total environmental benefit | |
Manufacturer’s profit | |
Retailer’s profit |
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Wang, L.; Xu, T.; Chen, T. Optimal Strategies in Green Supply Chains When Considering Consumers’ Green Preferences and Government Subsidies. Mathematics 2025, 13, 2209. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13132209
Wang L, Xu T, Chen T. Optimal Strategies in Green Supply Chains When Considering Consumers’ Green Preferences and Government Subsidies. Mathematics. 2025; 13(13):2209. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13132209
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Lei, Tao Xu, and Tingqiang Chen. 2025. "Optimal Strategies in Green Supply Chains When Considering Consumers’ Green Preferences and Government Subsidies" Mathematics 13, no. 13: 2209. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13132209
APA StyleWang, L., Xu, T., & Chen, T. (2025). Optimal Strategies in Green Supply Chains When Considering Consumers’ Green Preferences and Government Subsidies. Mathematics, 13(13), 2209. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13132209