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Volume 13
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10.3390/math13101567
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Optimal Inventory and Pricing Strategies for Integrated Supply Chains of Growing Items Under Carbon Emission Policies

by
Mehak Sharma
1,
Mandeep Mittal
2,
Divya Agarwal
1,
Anil Dhanda
1,
Rekha Guchhait
3,4 and
Mitali Sarkar
5,*
1
Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
2
School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology, Bennett University, Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
3
Department of Global Business & Trade, Joongbu University, Goyang 10279, Republic of Korea
4
Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
5
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro (Gunja-dong), Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mathematics 2025, 13(10), 1567; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13101567
Submission received: 12 March 2025 / Revised: 11 April 2025 / Accepted: 23 April 2025 / Published: 9 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Section D2: Operations Research and Fuzzy Decision Making)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study investigates inventory management and pricing techniques in a two-tier supply chain where newborn items are grown, slaughtered, and transported to retailers for consumer sale. This study assesses how certain carbon regulations can enhance or hinder profitability for suppliers and retailers, demonstrating the interdependence of their financial performance in connection to environmental regulations. A mathematical model considers demand as impacted by unit weight, selling price, and storage duration, with consumption patterns as a power function of these variables. This paper examines demand dynamics and proposes a solution for optimizing crucial factors such as the number of newborn items, the retailer’s selling price, and operating cycle time to increase profitability while maintaining excellent customer service.
Keywords: growing items inventory; integrated supply chain system; two-level permissible delay in payments (trade-credit); and carbon emission regulations growing items inventory; integrated supply chain system; two-level permissible delay in payments (trade-credit); and carbon emission regulations

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sharma, M.; Mittal, M.; Agarwal, D.; Dhanda, A.; Guchhait, R.; Sarkar, M. Optimal Inventory and Pricing Strategies for Integrated Supply Chains of Growing Items Under Carbon Emission Policies. Mathematics 2025, 13, 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13101567

AMA Style

Sharma M, Mittal M, Agarwal D, Dhanda A, Guchhait R, Sarkar M. Optimal Inventory and Pricing Strategies for Integrated Supply Chains of Growing Items Under Carbon Emission Policies. Mathematics. 2025; 13(10):1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13101567

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sharma, Mehak, Mandeep Mittal, Divya Agarwal, Anil Dhanda, Rekha Guchhait, and Mitali Sarkar. 2025. "Optimal Inventory and Pricing Strategies for Integrated Supply Chains of Growing Items Under Carbon Emission Policies" Mathematics 13, no. 10: 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13101567

APA Style

Sharma, M., Mittal, M., Agarwal, D., Dhanda, A., Guchhait, R., & Sarkar, M. (2025). Optimal Inventory and Pricing Strategies for Integrated Supply Chains of Growing Items Under Carbon Emission Policies. Mathematics, 13(10), 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13101567

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