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Article

On New Matrix Version Extension of the Incomplete Wright Hypergeometric Functions and Their Fractional Calculus

1
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
2
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
4
Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mathematics 2022, 10(22), 4371; https://doi.org/10.3390/math10224371
Submission received: 17 October 2022 / Revised: 9 November 2022 / Accepted: 16 November 2022 / Published: 20 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Special Functions and Applications)

Abstract

:
Through this article, we will discuss a new extension of the incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function by using the extended incomplete Pochhammer matrix symbol. First, we give a generalization of the extended incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function and state some integral equations and differential formulas about it. Next, we obtain some results about fractional calculus of these extended incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix functions. Finally, we discuss an application of the extended incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function in the kinetic equations.

1. Introduction and Preliminaries

In this century, special functions have an important place in many branches of mathematics because some sciences such as mathematical physics, probability theory, computer science, engineering and others consider the special functions as an essential tool for it (see [1,2,3,4,5]).
The recent advances in fractional order calculus are dominated by its multidisciplinary applications. Undoubtedly, fractional calculus has become an exciting new mathematical approach to solving various problems in mathematics, model physical, engineering, and many branches of science (see, for example [6,7,8,9] and the references therein).
Special matrix functions have an important place in solving some physics problems, and their applications are increasing and becoming an active area in recent literature including statistics, lie group and differential equations. New extensions of matrix special functions such as beta, gamma matrix functions and Gaussian hypergeometric matrix function are studied independently. In this article, C h × h is the vector space of h square matrices with complex entries, and we will denote the null matrix and identity matrix in C h × h by 0 and I , respectively. If a matrix E ∈ C h × h , then, the spectrum of E is the set of all eigenvalues of E and is denoted by σ (E). A matrix E C h × h is a positive stable if R e ( μ ) > 0 for all μ σ ( E ) .
If w ( z ) and s ( z ) are holomorphic functions defined on an open set D C and if E is a matrix in C h × h such that σ ( E ) D , then w ( E ) s ( E ) = s ( E ) w ( E ) (see [10]). Furthermore, if F is a matrix in C h × h such that σ ( E ) D and E F = F E , then w ( E ) s ( F ) = s ( F ) w ( E ) .
If E is a positive stable matrix in C h × h , then the matrix gamma function Γ ( E ) as defined by (see [10,11,12])
Γ ( E ) = 0 t E I e t d t , where t E I = e ( E I ) ln t .
If E in C h × h , such that
E + m I is invertible for all m 0 ,
then, the version Pochhammer matrix symbol is defined by (see [10,13]):
( E ) m = E ( E + I ) ( E + 2 I ) ( E + ( m 1 ) I ) where m 1 and ( E ) 0 = I .
From [14], if E and P are positive stable matrices in C h × h and E satisfy condition (2), then the extended Gamma matrix function is defined by:
Γ ( E , P ) = 0 t E I e I t P t d t i f P 0 , Γ ( E ) i f P = 0 .
and the new extended Pochhammer matrix symbol is given by:
( E , P ) m = Γ 1 ( E ) Γ ( E + m I , P ) i f P 0 , ( E ) m i f P = 0 .
If E is a matrix positive stable in C h × h and y R + , then the incomplete and complement Gamma matrix functions as follows (see [15,16])
γ ( E , y ) = 0 y t E I e t d t
and
Γ ( E , y ) = y t E I e t d t ,
respectively, and they satisfy the following decomposition
γ ( E , y ) + Γ ( E , y ) = Γ ( E ) .
In [17], if E is a positive stable matrix in C h × h and y R + , then we have the incomplete Pochhammer matrix symbol ( E , y ) m and its complement [ E , y ] m are defined by
( E , y ) m = γ ( E + m I , y ) Γ 1 ( E )
and
[ E , y ] m = Γ ( E + m I , y ) Γ 1 ( E ) ,
respectively, and they hold the decomposition formula
( E , y ) m + [ E , y ] m = ( E ) m .
Let E and P be positive stable matrices in C h × h and y R + , then the extended incomplete Gamma matrix function γ ( E , P ; y ) matrix function and its complement Γ ( E , P ; y ) are defined in [18] as follows
γ ( E , P ; y ) = 0 y t E I e t P t d t
and
Γ ( E , P ; y ) = y t E I e t P t d t ,
respectively, and they achieve the following decomposition
γ ( E , P ; y ) + Γ ( E , P ; y ) = Γ ( E , P ) .
The Laplace transform of a function ϕ (t) is defined as follows (see [19])
ϕ ¯ ( h ) = L ϕ ( t ) ( h ) = 0 e h t ϕ ( t ) d t , R e ( h ) > 0 ,
where ϕ ¯ ( h ) denotes the Laplace transform of ϕ ( t ) .
The essential contribution of this study is to provide a new extension of the incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function (EIWHMF). We generalize the definition of incomplete Pochhammer matrix function and its complement. Consequently, we produce a generalization of the incomplete hypergeometric and the incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix functions and prove some theorem about them. In a fractional view, we discuss the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of (EIWHMF). Further, an application of the (EIWHMF) for the fractional kinetic equations is implemented.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we will give a new extension of the incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function (EIWHMF) and state some theorems about integral and derivative formula of the (EIWHMF). In Section 3, we apply some theories of fractional calculus to the (EIWHMF). In the last section, we state some applications of (EIWHMF) in fractional kinetic equations.

2. Extended Incomplete Wright Hypergeometric Matrix Function EIWHMF

In this section, in terms of the general definition of the incomplete Pochhammer matrix function and its complement, also we will give a generalization of the incomplete hypergeometric matrix and the incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function and state some theorem about them.
Definition 1. 
Let E and P be positive stable matrices in C h × h and y∈ R + ; then, the extended incomplete Pochhammer matrix symbols ( E , P ; y ) m and [ E , P ; y ] m are defined as follows:
( E , P ; y ) m = γ ( E + m I , P ; y ) Γ 1 ( E )
and
[ E , P ; y ] m = Γ ( E + m I , P ; y ) Γ 1 ( E ) .
If we add (16) to (17), then we obtain
( E , P ; y ) m + [ E , P ; y ] m = ( E , P ) m .
Remark 1. 
If P = 0 in (16) and (17), then we have the incomplete Pochhammer matrix symbols ( E ; y ) m and [ E ; y ] m as defined in (9) and (10).
Definition 2. 
The new extended incomplete Gauss hypergeometric matrix function and its complement are defined by:
2 γ 1 ( E , P ; y ) , F ; G ; z = m = 0 ( E , P ; y ) m ( F ) m ( G ) m 1 z m m !
and
  2 Γ 1 [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = m = 0 [ E , P ; y ] m ( F ) m ( G ) m 1 z m m ! ,
where E , F , G and P are positive stable matrices in the space C h × h such that G satisfies condition (2) and y∈ R + .
Definition 3. 
Let E, F and G be positive stable matrices in C h × h such that G satisfies condition (2), in terms of the extended incomplete Pochhammer matrix function γ ( E , P , y ) and Γ ( E , P , y ) defined by (12) and (13), we defined EIWHMF as follows:
2 γ 1 ( ζ ) ( E , P , y ) , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 ( E , P ; y ) m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) z m m !
and
2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) n = m [ E , P ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) z m m ! ,
where ζ R + = ( 0 , )
One can notice that
2 γ 1 ( ζ ) ( E , P , y ) , F ; G ; z + 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = 2 R 1 ( ζ ) ( E , P ) , F ; G ; z ,
where the extended Wright hypergeometric matrix function as
2 R 1 ( ζ ) ( E , P ) , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 ( E , P ) m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) z m m ! ,
where ζ ( 0 , ) .
In view of the composition Formula (18), it is sufficient to discuss the properties of 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z .
Remark 2. 
(i) 
When ζ = 1 , the Formulas (21) and (22) are reduced to the extended matrix version of the incomplete Gauss hypergeometric functions defined in (19) and (20), respectively.
(ii) 
When ζ = 1 and y = 0 , Formulas (21) and (22) are reduced to the extended Gauss hypergeometric matrix function as
2 F 1 [ ( E , P ) , F ; G ; z ] = n = 0 ( E , P ) n ( F ) n [ ( G ) n ] 1 z n n ! .
(iii) 
If we put ζ = 1 and P = 0 in (21) and (22), then we obtain the incomplete Gauss hypergeometric matrix function (see [17]).

Integral Representation and Differentiation Formulas

Theorem 1. 
Suppose that E, F, G and P are positive stable matrices in C h × h satisfying the condition (2), then for | z | < 1 , we have
2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( E ) y t E I e t P t 1 R 1 ( ζ ) ( F ; G ; z t ) d t ,
where
1 R 1 ( ζ ) ( F ; G ; z t ) = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 Γ 1 ( G + m ζ I ) Γ ( F + m ζ I ) ( z t ) m m ! .
Proof. 
By using (17) and (22), we find that
2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( E ) Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) × m = 0 Γ 1 ( G + m ζ I ) Γ ( F + m ζ I ) z m m ! y t E + ( m 1 ) I e t P t d t .
Which can be written as
2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( E ) y t E I e t P t Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 Γ 1 ( G + m ζ I ) Γ ( F + m ζ I ) ( z t ) m m ! d t = Γ 1 ( E ) y t E I e t P t 1 R 1 ( ζ ) ( F ; G ; z t ) d t ,
this completes the proof. □
Remark 3. 
Note that when y = 0 in (26), then the following relation holds true
2 R 1 ( ζ ) ( E , P ) , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( E ) 0 t E I e t P t 1 R 1 ( ζ ) ( F , G ; z t ) d t .
Theorem 2. 
All E, F, G and P are matrices in C h × h such that G F = F G and P, G, F, E satisfy condition (2), then for | z | < 1 , we find:
2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ 1 ( G F ) Γ ( G ) × 0 1 1 Γ 0 [ E , P ; y ] ; , ; z t ζ t F I ( 1 t ) G F I d t ,
where 1 Γ 0 [ E , P ; y ] ; , ; z t ζ = m = 0 [ E , P ; y ] m ( z t ζ ) m m ! .
Proof. 
First, we notice that
Γ 1 ( F ) Γ 1 ( G + m ζ I ) Γ ( G ) Γ ( F + m ζ I ) = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ 1 ( G F ) Γ ( G ) Γ ( F + m ζ I ) Γ ( G F ) Γ 1 ( G + m ζ I ) = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ 1 ( G F ) Γ ( G ) 0 1 t F + ( m ζ 1 ) I ( 1 t ) G F I d t ,
Now, we can write
2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 [ E , P ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) z m m ! = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ 1 ( G F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 0 1 t F + ( m ζ 1 ) I ( 1 t ) G F I [ E , P ; y ] m z m m ! d t = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ 1 ( G F ) Γ ( G ) 0 1 t F I ( 1 t ) G F I m = 0 [ E , P ; y ] m ( z t ζ ) m m ! d t = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ 1 ( G F ) Γ ( G ) × 0 1 1 Γ 0 [ E , P ; y ] ; , ; z t ζ t F I ( 1 t ) G F I d t .
These end the proof. □
Theorem 3. 
The derivative formula for 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z holds true
d m d z m 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = ( E ) m Γ 1 ( G + m ζ I ) Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) Γ ( F + m ζ I ) 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E + m I , P ; y ] , F + m ζ I , G + m ζ I ; z .
Proof. 
By differentiating both sides of (22), we find that
d d z 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; z = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 1 [ E , P ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + m ζ I ) Γ ( F + m ζ I ) z m 1 ( m 1 ) ! = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 [ E , P ; y ] m + 1 Γ 1 ( G + ( m + 1 ) ζ I ) Γ ( F + ( m + 1 ) ζ I ) z m m ! = E Γ 1 ( F ) Γ 1 ( G + ζ I ) Γ 1 ( F + ζ I ) Γ ( G ) Γ ( F + ζ I ) Γ ( G + ζ I ) × m = 0 [ E + I , P ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + ( m + 1 ) ζ I ) Γ ( F + ( m + 1 ) ζ I ) z m m ! = E Γ 1 ( F ) Γ 1 ( G + ζ I ) Γ ( G ) Γ ( F + ζ I ) 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E + I , P ; y ] , F + ζ I , G + ζ I ; z .
By using the mathematical induction on m, we obtain the required result (29). This finishes the proof. □
Theorem 4. 
Assume that E, F, G and P are positive stable matrices in C h × h . Then, we have the following derivative formula,
d d z n z G I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; α z ζ = Γ 1 ( G n I ) Γ ( G ) z G ( n + 1 ) I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G n I ; α z ζ
Proof. 
From using Definition 3 and differentiating term by term, we obtain
d d z n z G I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; α z ζ = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 [ E , P ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) α m m ! d d z n z G + ( ζ m 1 ) I = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 [ E , P ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + ( ζ m n ) I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) α m m ! z G + ( ζ m n 1 ) I = z G ( n + 1 ) I Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 [ E , P ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m n ) I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) ( α z ζ ) m m ! = z G ( n + 1 ) I Γ 1 ( G n I ) Γ ( G ) 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G n I ; α z ζ .
This finishes the proof. □
Theorem 5. 
The extended incomplete gamma matrix function achieves the following relation:
2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; F ; z = Γ 1 ( E ) ( 1 z ) E Γ E , P ( 1 z ) ; y ( 1 z ) , ( | z | < 1 , y 0 )
Proof. 
If we put G = F in (26), then we find that
2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; F ; z = Γ 1 ( E ) × n = 0 y ( z t ) n n ! t E I e t P t d t = Γ 1 ( E ) × y t E I e t P t n = 0 ( z t ) n n ! d t = Γ 1 ( E ) × y t E I e t ( 1 z ) P t d t .
Substitute t ( 1 z ) = u , we have
= Γ 1 ( E ) ( 1 z ) E × y ( 1 z ) u E I e u P ( 1 z ) u d u
= Γ 1 ( E ) ( 1 z ) E Γ E , P ( 1 z ) ; y ( 1 z ) .
This completes the proof. □

3. Fractional Calculus of the EIWHMF

In this section, we will discuss some theorems about the fractional Riemann–Liouville integral of the EIWHMF.
The fractional integral and derivative of Riemann–Liouville of order μ and y > 0 are given, respectively, as follows (see [1,12]):
0 D y μ [ f ( y ) ] = I μ [ f ( y ) ] = 1 Γ ( μ ) 0 y ( y t ) μ 1 f ( t ) d t
and
D μ f ( y ) = D n I n μ f ( y ) , D = d d y .
In [19], the Laplace transform for Riemann–Liouville fractional integral is given as follows
L 0 D t μ ϕ ( t ) ( h ) = h μ ϕ ¯ ( h ) ,
where ϕ ¯ ( h ) denotes the Laplace transform of ϕ ( t ) .
If E is a positive stable matrix in C h × h , and R e ( μ ) > 0 , then the following relation holds true (see [20,21]):
I μ y E I = Γ ( E ) Γ 1 ( E + μ I ) y E + ( μ 1 ) I .
Theorem 6. 
Assume that E, F, G are positive stable matrices in C h × h and ζ > 0 , μ C such that R e ( μ ) > 0 and | w z ζ | < 1 , then we obtain
I μ z G I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; w z ζ = Γ ( G ) Γ 1 ( G + μ I ) z G + ( μ 1 ) I × 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G + μ I ; w z ζ .
Proof. 
Substituting (22) in the left-hand side of (36), we find that
I μ z G I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; w z ζ = I μ Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) × m = 0 [ E , p ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) w m m ! z G + ( ζ m 1 ) I = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) × m = 0 [ E , p ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) w m m ! I μ z G + ( ζ m 1 ) I = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) × m = 0 [ [ E , p ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) w m m ! × Γ ( G + m ζ I ) Γ 1 ( G + ( ζ m + μ ) I ) z G + ( μ + ζ m 1 ) I ] = Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) × m = 0 [ E , p ; y ] m Γ ( F + ζ m I ) × Γ 1 ( G + ( ζ m + μ ) I ) ( w z ζ ) m m ! z G + ( μ 1 ) I = z G + ( μ 1 ) I Γ ( G ) Γ 1 ( G + μ I ) × Γ ( G + μ I ) Γ 1 ( F ) × m = 0 [ E , p ; y ] m Γ 1 ( G + μ I + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) w m m ! = Γ ( G ) Γ 1 ( G + μ I ) z G + ( μ 1 ) I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G + μ I ; w z ζ .
This finishes the proof □
Theorem 7. 
Suppose that E, F, G are positive stable matrices in C h × h and ζ > 0 , μ C such that R e ( μ ) > 0 and | w z ζ | < 1 , then, the following holds true
D μ z G I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; w z ζ = Γ ( G ) Γ 1 ( G μ I ) z G ( μ + 1 ) I × 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G μ I ; w z ζ .
Proof. 
Applying (33), we find that
D μ z G I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; w z ζ = d d z n I n μ z G I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; w z ζ ,
by using Theorem (6), we obtain
D μ z G I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; w z ζ = d d z n z G + ( n μ 1 ) I Γ ( G ) Γ 1 ( G + ( n μ ) I ) 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G + ( n μ ) I ; w z ζ .
Applying Theorem (4), we obtain
D μ z G I 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G ; w z ζ = Γ ( G ) Γ 1 ( G μ I ) z G ( μ + 1 ) I × 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) [ E , P ; y ] , F ; G μ I ; w z ζ .
This completes the proof □

4. Applications: Kinetic Equations

In recent years, the solution of the fractional kinetic equations has attracted the attention many workers due to their importance in the field of applied science, such as physics, dynamical systems, control systems, and engineering, to create the mathematical model of many physical phenomena and mathematical physics. In certain astrophysical problems, the kinetic equations describe the continuity of motion of substance and are the basic equations of mathematical physics and natural science. The extension and generalization of fractional kinetic equations involving various fractional calculus operators were found (for example [22,23]).
Haubold and Mathai in [22] have established a functional differential equation between rate of change of reaction, the destruction rate, and the production rate as follows
d R d t = d ( R t ) + p ( R t ) ,
where R = R ( t ) is the rate of reaction, d = d ( R ) is the rate of destruction, p = p ( R ) is the rate of production, and R t denotes the function defined by R t ( t ) = R ( t t ) , t > 0 .
A special case of (38), when spatial fluctuations or inhomogeneities in the quantity R ( t ) are neglected, is given by the following differential equation as
d R d t = m i R i ( t ) ,
together with the initial condition that R i ( t = 0 ) = R 0 , is the number of density of species i at time t = 0 , m i > 0 .
If the index i is dropped, and the typical kinetic Equation (39) is integrated, we receive
R ( t ) R 0 = m 0 D t 1 R ( t ) ,
where m is a constant, and 0 D t 1 is the Riemann–Liouville integral operator of order μ = 1 . The fractional kinetic equation (FKE) is redefined by Haubold and Mathai as following (see [22])
R ( t ) R 0 = m μ 0 D t μ R ( t ) ,
where 0 D t μ defined in (32).
Then, the solution for R ( t ) is given by
R ( t ) = R 0 r = 0 ( 1 ) r Γ ( μ r + 1 ) ( m t ) μ r = R 0 E μ ( m μ t μ ) ,
where E μ ( m μ t μ ) denotes the Mittag–Leffler function (see [24,25]).
In addition, Saxena Kalla thought about the subsequent fractional kinetic equation (see [23,26,27,28])
R ( t ) R 0 f ( t ) = m μ 0 D t μ R ( t ) , m > 0 , R e ( μ ) > 0 ,
where R ( t ) denotes the number density of a given species at time t, R 0 = R ( 0 ) is the number density of that species at time t = 0 , m is a constant, and f is an integrable function on ( 0 , ) .
Very recently, several different papers appeared to solve the fractional kinetic equations by using different integral transforms, such as Laplace, Fourier, Sumudu and Mellin transforms with special functions and a matrix function, (see [26,29,30,31,32,33]).
Now, in the following section, we derive the solutions of fractional kinetic equations involving the extension of the incomplete Wright Hypergeometric matrix functions. Further, we established various special cases.
Theorem 8. 
Assume that E, F, G and M are positive stable matrices in C h × h such that F, G and M satisfy condition (2), and ζ R + . Then, for R e ( μ ) > 0 and t C , the generalized fractional kinetic matrix equation
R ( t ) I R 0 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) E , P ; y , F ; G ; t = M μ 0 D t μ R ( t ) ,
has a solution
R ( t ) I = R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) × m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + m I ) × t m E μ , m + 1 ( M μ t μ ) ,
where E μ , m + 1 ( M μ t μ ) = r = 0 ( 1 ) r M μ r t μ r Γ ( μ r + m + 1 ) and called the generalized the Mittag–Leffler function (see [25]).
Proof. 
From (15), (34) and by using Laplace transform in Equation (44), we obtain
L R ( t ) I ( h ) = R 0 L 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) E , P ; y , F ; G ; t ( h ) M μ L 0 D t μ R ( t ) ( h ) R ¯ ( h ) I = R 0 0 e h t Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) t m m ! d t M μ h μ R ( h ) ,
and we can write
I + M μ h μ R ¯ ( h ) = R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) 1 m ! 0 e h t t m d t
= R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) 1 h m + 1 = R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) h ( m + 1 ) ,
this can be writen as
R ¯ ( h ) I = R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) h ( m + 1 ) × I + M μ h μ 1 = R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) h ( m + 1 ) × r = 0 ( 1 ) r M h μ r .
Taking the inverse Laplace transform to the above result, we obtain
L 1 R ( h ) I = R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I )
× L 1 r = 0 ( 1 ) r M μ r h ( μ r + m + 1 )
R ( t ) I = R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I )
× r = 0 ( 1 ) r M μ r t μ r + m Γ ( μ r + m + 1 )
= R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) t m
× r = 0 ( 1 ) r M μ r t μ r Γ ( μ r + m + 1 )
= R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) t m × E μ , m + 1 ( M μ t μ ) ,
this finishes the proof. □
Remark 4. 
(1) 
If P = 0 , then the extended incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function
2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) E , p ; y , F ; G ; t is reduced to the incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) E ; y , F ; G ; t (see [20]), and Equations (44) and (45) become as following
Corollary 1. 
Assume that E, F, G and M are positive stable matrices in C h × h such that F, G and M satisfy condition (2), and ζ R + , then for R e ( μ ) > 0 and t C , the generalized fractional kinetic matrix equation
R ( t ) I R 0 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) E ; y , F ; G ; t = M μ 0 D t μ R ( t ) ,
has a solution
R ( t ) I = R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) m = 0 E ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) t m × E μ , m + 1 ( M μ t μ ) .
(2) 
If P = 0 and ζ = 1 , then the extended incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) E , p ; y , F ; G ; t is reduced to the incomplete Gauss hypergeometric matrix function 2 Γ 1 E ; y , F ; G ; t (see [17]), and Equations (44) and (45) reduce to the following forms
Corollary 2. 
Suppose that E, F, G and M are positive stable matrices in C h × h such that F, G and M satisfy condition (2), and ζ R + , then for R e ( μ ) > 0 and t C , the generalized fractional kinetic matrix equation
R ( t ) I R 0 2 Γ 1 E ; y , F ; G ; t = M μ 0 D t μ R ( t ) ,
has a solution
R ( t ) I = R 0 m = 0 E ; y m ( F ) m [ ( G ) m ] 1 t m × E μ , m + 1 ( M μ t μ ) .
(3) 
If ζ = 1 and y = 0 , then the extended incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) E , p ; y , F ; G ; t reduces to the Gauss hypergeometric matrix function 2 F 1 ( E , P ) , F ; G ; t defined in (25), and Equations (44) and (45) reduce to the following forms
Corollary 3. 
Suppose that E, F, G and M are positive stable matrices in C h × h such that F, G and M satisfy condition (2), then for R e ( μ ) > 0 and t C , the generalized fractional kinetic matrix equation
R ( t ) I R 0 2 F 1 E , F ; G ; t = M μ 0 D t μ R ( t ) ,
has a solution
R ( t ) I = R 0 m = 0 ( E ) m ( F ) m [ ( G ) m ] 1 t m × E μ , m + 1 ( M μ t μ ) .
Theorem 9. 
Suppose that E, F, G and M are positive stable matrices in C h × h such that F, G and M satisfycondition (2), and ζ R + . Then for R e ( μ ) > 0 and t , α C the generalized fractional kinetic matrix equation
R ( t ) I R 0 2 Γ 1 ( ζ ) E , P ; y , F ; G ; α μ t μ = M μ 0 D t μ R ( t ) ,
has a solution
R ( t ) I = R 0 Γ 1 ( F ) Γ ( G ) × m = 0 E , P ; y m Γ 1 ( G + ζ m I ) Γ ( F + ζ m I ) Γ ( m μ + 1 ) ( α μ t μ ) m m ! × E μ , m μ + 1 ( M μ t μ ) ,
where E μ , m μ + 1 ( M μ t μ ) = r = 0 ( 1 ) r M μ r t μ r Γ ( μ r + m μ + 1 ) and called the generalized the Mittag-Leffler function.
Proof. 
Applying the same steps of the proof used in theorem (8), we obtain the required. □

5. Conclusions

Recently, matrix functions with their potential applications have a major role in mathematical physics, probability theory and engineering. In this paper, we introduce an extension of incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function and we investigate its properties. Also, we present the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral and derivative of the new extension of incomplete Wright hypergeometric matrix function function. Further, many specific cases are considered. We are motivated to obtain apply an application of fractional kinetic matrix equations involving the new function and we also have many special cases for these fractional equations.The results appear in this paper are seemed new to the literature.

Author Contributions

Methodology and conceptualization, A.B., A.-A.H., A.A.A., M.N. and A.H.S.; data curation and writing—original draft, A.B., A.-A.H., A.A.A., M.N. and A.H.S.; investigation and visualization, A.B., A.-A.H., A.A.A., M.N. and A.H.S.; validation, writing—reviewing and editing, A.B., A.-A.H., A.A.A., M.N. and A.H.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

This research was funded by King Khalid University, Grant RGP.2/15/43.

Data Availability Statement

The corresponding author will provide the data used in this work upon reasonable request.

Acknowledgments

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through Research Groups Program under grant RGP.2/15/43.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors announce that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Bakhet, A.; Hyder, A.-A.; Almoneef, A.A.; Niyaz, M.; Soliman, A.H. On New Matrix Version Extension of the Incomplete Wright Hypergeometric Functions and Their Fractional Calculus. Mathematics 2022, 10, 4371. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10224371

AMA Style

Bakhet A, Hyder A-A, Almoneef AA, Niyaz M, Soliman AH. On New Matrix Version Extension of the Incomplete Wright Hypergeometric Functions and Their Fractional Calculus. Mathematics. 2022; 10(22):4371. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10224371

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Bakhet, Ahmed, Abd-Allah Hyder, Areej A. Almoneef, Mohamed Niyaz, and Ahmed H. Soliman. 2022. "On New Matrix Version Extension of the Incomplete Wright Hypergeometric Functions and Their Fractional Calculus" Mathematics 10, no. 22: 4371. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10224371

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