Migrant-Background Student Experiences of Facing and Overcoming Difficulties in Finnish Comprehensive Schools
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Migrant Student Learning
2.1. Language Learning
2.2. Schools as Places of Belonging
2.3. Support from Teachers, Other Staff and Peers
3. Finnish Context
4. Methodology
Data, Participants and Instrument
5. Analysis
6. Findings
6.1. Challenges in Languages, Maths and Science
6.2. Help from Others and Own Strategies in Overcoming Challenging Tasks
6.3. Help from Teachers, Other Staff and Peers
7. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Background Factors | 2016 (Total n = 347) (%) | 2021 (Total n = 291) (%) | t Test t, df, p |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Female 43.8% Male 55% No response 1.1% | Female 38.8% Male 55% Other 0.3% I do not know 0.7% Cannot be interpreted 3.1% No response 2.1% | −2.0, 636, 0.043 * |
Age | 7–9 yrs 22.2% 10–12 yrs 40.3% 13–15 yrs 25.6% 16 + 10.7% No response 1.2% | 7–9 yrs 18.9% 10–12 yrs 41.4% 13–15 yrs 28.1% 16 + 4% Cannot be interpreted 1.7% No response 2% | −0.36, 635, 0.72 |
Living situation | With family 88.5% Not with family 8.4% No response 3.2% | With family 93.8% Not with family 0.7% Cannot be interpreted 2.7% No response 2.7% | −0.62, 636, 0.53 |
Languages spoken at home | Finnish 26.1% Arabic 18% African languages 10.5% Russian, Estonian, Baltic languages 9.2% Other non-European Union languages 8.3% Dari 8.3% Kurdish 6% Other non-European language 4.7% Other Western Asian language 3.9% Other Asian languages 3.4% Cannot be interpreted 0.9% No response 0.8% (Multiple Response Set: students named more than one language spoken at home) | Finnish 24.1% Arabic 14.8% African languages 6.2% Russian, Estonian, Baltic languages 8.6% Other European Union languages 16.9% Dari 4.3% Kurdish 6.2% Other non-European Union language 6.2% Other Western Asian language 3.8% Other Asian languages 5.3% Cannot be interpreted 1.9% No response 1.7% (Multiple Response Set: students named more than one language spoken at home) | −1.9, 636, 0.06 |
Length of residence in Finland | Less than 1 yrs 26.8% 1–4 yrs 24.5% 5–9 yrs 15% More than 10 yrs 2% Born in Finland 31.3% Cannot be interpreted 0.6% | Less than 1 yrs 1.4% 1–4 yrs 22.3% 5–9 yrs 20.6% More than 10 yrs 3.8% Born in Finland 41.2% Cannot be interpreted 3.8% I do not know 3.4% No response 3.4% | −4.4, 636, <0.001 *** |
Main Categories | Subcategories | 2016 (n = 427) (%/n) | 2021 (n = 365) (n/%) |
---|---|---|---|
Theory subjects (languages, science, maths) | 60.9%/260 | 52.6%/205 | |
Interaction and wellbeing | 8.4%/36 | 7.4%/27 | |
Language issues | 7.7%/33 | 5.5%/20 | |
Socialising/playing | 0.7%/3 | 0.8%/3 | |
Wellbeing-related issues | 0 | 1.1%/4 | |
Schoolwork | 4.2%/18 | 6.2%/23 | |
School work in general | 4%/17 | 4.9%/18 | |
Lessons | 0 | 0.5%/2 | |
Learning in general | 0 | 0.5%/2 | |
Teaching technology | 0.2%/1 | 0.3%/1 | |
Other | 18%/77 | 16.7%/61 | |
Arts and crafts | 5.9%/25 | 3%/11 | |
Mealtime | 0.2%/1 | 0 | |
Everything | 0.2%/1 | 1.4%/5 | |
Nothing | 11.7%/50 | 12.3%/45 | |
Cannot be interpreted | 3%/13 | 3%/11 | |
I do not know | 0.9%/4 | 3.3%/12 | |
No response | 4.4%/19 | 7.1%/26 |
Main Categories | Subcategories | 2016 (n = 425) (%/n) | 2021 (n = 343) (%/n) |
---|---|---|---|
With someone’s help | 37.4%/159 | 44.9%/154 | |
Own strategies | 21.6%/92 | 29.4%/101 | |
Others | 4.8%/21 | 13.7%/47 | |
Well | 0 | 11.4%/39 | |
Materials and aids | 4.2%/18 | 0.6%/2 | |
Badly | 0.2%/1 | 1.7%/6 | |
Wellbeing-related issues | 0.2%/1 | 0 | |
Nothing | 0.2%/1 | 0 | |
Cannot be interpreted | 2.8%/12 | 2.6%/9 | |
I do not know | 0.7%/3 | 2.6%/9 | |
No response | 32.5%/138 | 6.7%/23 |
Main Categories | Subcategories | 2016 (n = 502) (%/n) | 2021 (n = 425) (%/n) |
---|---|---|---|
Teacher | 58.6%/294 | 57.9%/246 | |
Friends/ Fellow students | 20.1%/101 | 22.6%/96 | |
Others | 12%/60 | 10.2%/44 | |
Someone else | 9.8%/49 | 6.8%/29 | |
Family | 1.2%/6 | 1.6%/7 | |
No-one | 1%/5 | 1.6%/7 | |
God | 0 | 0.2%/1 | |
Cannot be interpreted | 6.2%/31 | 4.2%/18 | |
I do not know | 0 | 0.2%/1 | |
No response | 3.2%/16 | 4.7%/20 |
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Kaukko, M.; Alisaari, J.; Heikkola, L.M.; Haswell, N. Migrant-Background Student Experiences of Facing and Overcoming Difficulties in Finnish Comprehensive Schools. Educ. Sci. 2022, 12, 450. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12070450
Kaukko M, Alisaari J, Heikkola LM, Haswell N. Migrant-Background Student Experiences of Facing and Overcoming Difficulties in Finnish Comprehensive Schools. Education Sciences. 2022; 12(7):450. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12070450
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaukko, Mervi, Jenni Alisaari, Leena Maria Heikkola, and Nick Haswell. 2022. "Migrant-Background Student Experiences of Facing and Overcoming Difficulties in Finnish Comprehensive Schools" Education Sciences 12, no. 7: 450. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12070450
APA StyleKaukko, M., Alisaari, J., Heikkola, L. M., & Haswell, N. (2022). Migrant-Background Student Experiences of Facing and Overcoming Difficulties in Finnish Comprehensive Schools. Education Sciences, 12(7), 450. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12070450