Quadruple Helix Models for Sustainable Regional Innovation: Engaging and Facilitating Civil Society Participation
1
Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, 00920 Helsinki, Finland
2
European Future Innovation System Centre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Economies 2020, 8(2), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies8020048
Received: 9 April 2020 / Revised: 3 June 2020 / Accepted: 4 June 2020 / Published: 8 June 2020
Prior research has emphasized the importance of bringing together quadruple helix (QH) actors (academia, industry, government and civil society) to strengthen regional innovation. The QH model forms an integral part of European innovation policy, which aims to create sustainable and inclusive growth in Europe. As part of this policy, European Union (EU) regions are to design and implement research and innovation strategies for smart specialization (RIS3) through the participatory entrepreneurial discovery process (EDP). Despite the strong emphasis on the QH model, the model is still far from a well-established concept in innovation research and policy, and civil society participation in RIS3 has remained low. Our paper aims to support regional governments to engage with and facilitate the participation of civil society in a territorial EDP based on two case studies from Finland and Sweden. It contributes to the literature on regional innovation systems through identifying mechanisms to foster the QH model and suggests lessons learnt for the operationalization of the QH model as part of RIS3.
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Keywords:
civil society; entrepreneurial discovery process; quadruple helix; regional innovation; smart specialization
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MDPI and ACS Style
Roman, M.; Varga, H.; Cvijanovic, V.; Reid, A. Quadruple Helix Models for Sustainable Regional Innovation: Engaging and Facilitating Civil Society Participation. Economies 2020, 8, 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies8020048
AMA Style
Roman M, Varga H, Cvijanovic V, Reid A. Quadruple Helix Models for Sustainable Regional Innovation: Engaging and Facilitating Civil Society Participation. Economies. 2020; 8(2):48. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies8020048
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoman, Mona; Varga, Henry; Cvijanovic, Vladimir; Reid, Alasdair. 2020. "Quadruple Helix Models for Sustainable Regional Innovation: Engaging and Facilitating Civil Society Participation" Economies 8, no. 2: 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies8020048
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