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Pharmacy
Volume 9
Issue 4
10.3390/pharmacy9040174
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Commentary

Ethical Tenets of PRN Medicines Management in Healthcare Settings: A Clinical Perspective

by
Mojtaba Vaismoradi
1,*,
Cathrine Fredriksen Moe
1,
Flores Vizcaya-Moreno
2 and
Piret Paal
3
1
Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, Norway
2
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03080 Alicante, Spain
3
WHO Collaborating Centre, Institute of Nursing Science and Practice, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmacy 2021, 9(4), 174; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040174
Submission received: 3 September 2021 / Revised: 16 October 2021 / Accepted: 21 October 2021 / Published: 22 October 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PRN Medicines Management)
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Abstract

Prescription and administration of pro re nata (PRN) medications has remained a poorly discussed area of the international literature regarding ethical tenets influencing this type of medication practice. In this commentary, ethical tenets of PRN medicines management from the clinical perspective based on available international literature and published research have been discussed. Three categories were developed by the authors for summarising review findings as follows: ‘benefiting the patient’, ‘making well-informed decision’, and ‘follow up assessment’ as pre-intervention, through-intervention, and post-intervention aspects, respectively. PRN medicines management is mainly intertwined with the ethical tenets of beneficence, nonmaleficence, dignity, autonomy, justice, informed consent, and error disclosure. It is a dynamic process and needs close collaboration between healthcare professionals especially nurses and patients to prevent unethical practice.
Keywords: ethics; nurse; medication safety; medicines management; patient safety; pro re nata; PRN ethics; nurse; medication safety; medicines management; patient safety; pro re nata; PRN

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vaismoradi, M.; Fredriksen Moe, C.; Vizcaya-Moreno, F.; Paal, P. Ethical Tenets of PRN Medicines Management in Healthcare Settings: A Clinical Perspective. Pharmacy 2021, 9, 174. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040174

AMA Style

Vaismoradi M, Fredriksen Moe C, Vizcaya-Moreno F, Paal P. Ethical Tenets of PRN Medicines Management in Healthcare Settings: A Clinical Perspective. Pharmacy. 2021; 9(4):174. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040174

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vaismoradi, Mojtaba, Cathrine Fredriksen Moe, Flores Vizcaya-Moreno, and Piret Paal. 2021. "Ethical Tenets of PRN Medicines Management in Healthcare Settings: A Clinical Perspective" Pharmacy 9, no. 4: 174. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040174

APA Style

Vaismoradi, M., Fredriksen Moe, C., Vizcaya-Moreno, F., & Paal, P. (2021). Ethical Tenets of PRN Medicines Management in Healthcare Settings: A Clinical Perspective. Pharmacy, 9(4), 174. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9040174

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