Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Multi-Aircraft Types for Forest Fires General Aviation Rescue
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Optimization Model of General Aviation Collaborative Scheduling in Forest Fires under Multi-Aircraft Types Conditions
2.1. Model Description and Assumptions
- When coordinating the scheduling of general aviation rescue aircraft, a multi-to-one approach is used. This means that several rescue aircraft can be sent to the same fire point at the same time to extinguish the fire.
- When carrying out the tasks, the rescue aircraft maintains a constant flight speed through direct flight mode.
- The number and location of aircraft rally, fire, and water points can be determined in advance.
- The number and type of rescue aircraft that can be scheduled at each rally point are determined.
- The amount of water required to extinguish the fire at the fire point can be determined in advance.
- Each rescue aircraft can only rescue one fire point in a cycle.
2.2. Model Description and Assumptions
2.3. Model Building
3. Multi-Aircraft Collaborative Scheduling Optimization Model Solving
3.1. NSGA-II Algorithm for Solving the Optimal Solution Set
3.1.1. NSGA-II Algorithm Solution Idea
3.1.2. NSGA-II Algorithm Design
3.2. Weight TOPIS Method for Solving the Optimal Solution
4. Simulation Verification
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | Significance |
---|---|
The set of rally points, . | |
The set of fire points, . | |
The set of rescue aircraft, . | |
the set of task execution cycles, , . | |
The set of water point, . | |
the set of water required to extinguish all fires. | |
The time it takes for the aircraft with the longest task time to complete the task among all rescue aircraft. | |
The time for aircraft to execute the entire firefighting task | |
The time for aircraft to execute the nth cycle of tasks. | |
The cost for all aircraft to execute the entire firefighting task. | |
The cost for aircraft to execute the nth round of tasks. | |
Sub-task 1, a 0-1 variable, where 1 means that aircraft did not execute a flight task in the nth round, and 0 otherwise. | |
Sub-task 2, a 0-1 variable, where 1 means that aircraft flew from rally point to fire point to execute a fire extinguishing task in the nth round, and 0 otherwise. | |
Sub-task 3, a 0-1 variable, where 1 means that aircraft flew from fire point to rally point to execute a fire extinguishing task in the nth round, and 0 otherwise. | |
Sub-task 4, a 0-1 variable. Aircraft flies from fire point to water point to fetch water after completing the fire extinguishing task in the nth round and then flies back to fire point to execute the fire extinguishing task, which is 1, otherwise 0. | |
Sub-task 5, a 0-1 variable. Aircraft flies from fire point to water point to fetch water after completing the fire extinguishing task in the nth round and then flies back to fire point to execute the fire extinguishing task, which is 1, otherwise 0. | |
The distance from rally point to fire point . | |
The distance from fire point to water point . | |
The preparation time for aircraft to execute tasks from the rally point each time. | |
The additional time required for aircraft to fetch and spray water each time. | |
The flight cost per minute of aircraft flight. | |
The fixed cost of aircraft to execute tasks from the rally point. | |
The flight speed of aircraft . | |
The water capacity of aircraft . | |
The flight fuel consumes per minute of aircraft . | |
The maximum fuel capacity of aircraft . |
Information | Fire Point 1 | Fire Point 2 | Fire Point 3 |
---|---|---|---|
Distance from Rally Point 1/km | 111.22 | 36.22 | 237.06 |
Distance from Rally Point 2/km | 124.72 | 83.82 | 158.20 |
Distance from Rally Point 3/km | 63.73 | 73.44 | 140.59 |
Distance from Water Point/km | 133.85 | 59.04 | 90.22 |
Required Fire Extinguishing Water Volume/tons | 24 | 18 | 18 |
Aircraft Type | Performance Parameters | Cost Parameters | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flight Speed/(km/h) | Water-Carrying Capacity/Tons | Take-Off Preparation Time/min | Fuel Capacity/L | Take-Off Cost/CNY | Flight Cost/(CNY/km) | |
Heavy Aircraft | 150 | 3 | 30 | 2450 | 1500 | 15 |
Light Aircraft | 200 | 1.5 | 20 | 1530 | 1000 | 10 |
Parameter | NSGA-II | AWGA |
---|---|---|
T | 1.1629 | 1.1499 |
hv | 0.01984 | 0.01568 |
S | 0 | 636.4562 |
NPS | 4 | 3 |
Objective Function | Plan 1 | Plan 2 | Plan 3 | Plan 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total Rescue Time/min | 243.7536 | 248.3136 | 247.8112 | 272.756 |
Total Rescue Cost/yuan | 39,240.702 | 38,735.806 | 39,139.494 | 38,373.226 |
Plan 1 | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rally Point | Rally Point 1 | Rally Point 2 | Rally Point 3 | |||||||||
Aircraft Type | H | H | L | L | L | H | L | L | L | L | L | L |
Cycle 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Cycle 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Cycle 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Plan 2 | ||||||||||||
Rally Point | Rally Point 1 | Rally Point 2 | Rally Point 3 | |||||||||
Aircraft Type | H | H | L | L | L | H | L | L | L | L | L | L |
Cycle 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Cycle 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
Cycle 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Plan 3 | ||||||||||||
Rally Point | Rally Point 1 | Rally Point 2 | Rally Point 3 | |||||||||
Aircraft Type | H | H | L | L | L | H | L | L | L | L | L | L |
Cycle 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Cycle 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
Cycle 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Plan 4 | ||||||||||||
Rally Point | Rally Point 1 | Rally Point 2 | Rally Point 3 | |||||||||
Aircraft Type | H | H | L | L | L | H | L | L | L | L | L | L |
Cycle 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Cycle 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Cycle 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Plan | Rank | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Plan 1 | 0.500 | 0.866 | 0.634 | 2 |
Plan 2 | 0.249 | 0.786 | 0.759 | 1 |
Plan 3 | 0.458 | 0.747 | 0.620 | 3 |
Plan 4 | 0.866 | 0.500 | 0.366 | 4 |
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Pan, W.; Huang, Y.; Yin, Z.; Qin, L. Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Multi-Aircraft Types for Forest Fires General Aviation Rescue. Aerospace 2023, 10, 741. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10090741
Pan W, Huang Y, Yin Z, Qin L. Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Multi-Aircraft Types for Forest Fires General Aviation Rescue. Aerospace. 2023; 10(9):741. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10090741
Chicago/Turabian StylePan, Weijun, Yuanjing Huang, Zirui Yin, and Liru Qin. 2023. "Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Multi-Aircraft Types for Forest Fires General Aviation Rescue" Aerospace 10, no. 9: 741. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10090741
APA StylePan, W., Huang, Y., Yin, Z., & Qin, L. (2023). Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Multi-Aircraft Types for Forest Fires General Aviation Rescue. Aerospace, 10(9), 741. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10090741