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10.3390/cli13010018
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Article

Effect of Short Duration Heat Stress on the Physiological and Production Parameters of Holstein-Friesian Crossbred Dairy Cows in Bangladesh

by
Mst. Umme Habiba
1,†,
S. A. Masudul Hoque
2,3,†,
Moin Uddin
4,†,
Khatun-A-Jannat Esha
4,
Sabrina Zaman Seema
4,
Kazi Md. Al-Noman
1,
Shamsun Nahar Tamanna
4,
Shahrina Akhtar
5,
Md. Abdus Salam
6,
Abu Sadeque Md. Selim
4,6 and
Md. Morshedur Rahman
1,7,*
1
Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
2
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
3
Institute of Climate Change and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
4
Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
5
Krishi Gobeshona Foundation, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
6
Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
7
Institute of Food Safety and Processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Climate 2025, 13(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13010018
Submission received: 27 September 2024 / Revised: 4 January 2025 / Accepted: 7 January 2025 / Published: 13 January 2025
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Abstract

Heat stress is a major concern for lactating dairy cows. This study evaluated the effects of heat stress on six Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows exposed to three thermal conditions represented by the Temperature-Humidity Index (THI). These conditions included a baseline pre-treatment phase at THI-72, a heat stress treatment phase at THI-75 and THI-80, and a post-treatment recovery phase at THI-72. The duration of the heat stress treatment phase was 24 h. A total of four trials, each involving three cows, were conducted in an IoT-based climatic chamber to assess various physiological, hematological, biochemical, and production parameters across these phases. Compared to the baseline (THI-72), cows showed significant increases (p < 0.05) in rectal temperature (RT), heart rate (HR), respiration rate (RR), and water intake (WI) at both THI-75 and THI-80, with the highest elevations observed at THI-80 (RT: 5.1%, HR: 8.6%, RR: 23.5%, and WI: 19.1%). Feed intake declined significantly (p < 0.05) by 6.5% and 14.0%, and milk yield dropped by 5.3% and 14.7% at THI-75 and THI-80, respectively; milk fat and protein percentages decreased by 1.1-fold and 1.2-fold. Hemoglobin, platelet, and lymphocyte counts, along with biochemical parameters (excluding serum creatinine) also decreased significantly (p < 0.05). The different levels of THI influenced pairwise correlation patterns, with THI-75 showing intense interactions and THI-80 exhibiting greater variability. The findings highlight that Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows are particularly vulnerable to heat stress, even with short-term exposure. This vulnerability can lead to economic losses for Bangladeshi dairy farmers rearing Holstein-Friesian crossbred cows.
Keywords: temperature-humidity index; hematology; biochemical properties; climatic chamber temperature-humidity index; hematology; biochemical properties; climatic chamber

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Habiba, M.U.; Hoque, S.A.M.; Uddin, M.; Esha, K.-A.-J.; Seema, S.Z.; Al-Noman, K.M.; Tamanna, S.N.; Akhtar, S.; Salam, M.A.; Selim, A.S.M.; et al. Effect of Short Duration Heat Stress on the Physiological and Production Parameters of Holstein-Friesian Crossbred Dairy Cows in Bangladesh. Climate 2025, 13, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13010018

AMA Style

Habiba MU, Hoque SAM, Uddin M, Esha K-A-J, Seema SZ, Al-Noman KM, Tamanna SN, Akhtar S, Salam MA, Selim ASM, et al. Effect of Short Duration Heat Stress on the Physiological and Production Parameters of Holstein-Friesian Crossbred Dairy Cows in Bangladesh. Climate. 2025; 13(1):18. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13010018

Chicago/Turabian Style

Habiba, Mst. Umme, S. A. Masudul Hoque, Moin Uddin, Khatun-A-Jannat Esha, Sabrina Zaman Seema, Kazi Md. Al-Noman, Shamsun Nahar Tamanna, Shahrina Akhtar, Md. Abdus Salam, Abu Sadeque Md. Selim, and et al. 2025. "Effect of Short Duration Heat Stress on the Physiological and Production Parameters of Holstein-Friesian Crossbred Dairy Cows in Bangladesh" Climate 13, no. 1: 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13010018

APA Style

Habiba, M. U., Hoque, S. A. M., Uddin, M., Esha, K.-A.-J., Seema, S. Z., Al-Noman, K. M., Tamanna, S. N., Akhtar, S., Salam, M. A., Selim, A. S. M., & Rahman, M. M. (2025). Effect of Short Duration Heat Stress on the Physiological and Production Parameters of Holstein-Friesian Crossbred Dairy Cows in Bangladesh. Climate, 13(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13010018

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