Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming on Nitrogen (N)-Uptake Rate, -Assimilation, and -Concentration of Wheat

Jayawardena, Dileepa M.; Heckathorn, Scott A.; Boldt, Jennifer K.

doi:10.3390/plants9121689

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Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming on Nitrogen (N)-Uptake Rate, -Assimilation, and -Concentration of Wheat

Dileepa M. Jayawardena

¹,

Scott A. Heckathorn

^1,* and

Jennifer K. Boldt

Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA

Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Toledo, OH 43606, USA

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Plants 2020, 9(12), 1689; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121689

Received: 11 October 2020 / Revised: 17 November 2020 / Accepted: 26 November 2020 / Published: 1 December 2020

(This article belongs to the Section Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change)

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Abstract

The concentration of nitrogen (N) in vegetative tissues is largely dependent on the balance among growth, root N uptake, and N assimilation. Elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) plus warming is likely to affect the vegetative-tissue N and protein concentration of wheat by altering N metabolism, but this is poorly understood. To investigate this, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) was grown for three weeks at two levels of CO₂ (400 or 700 ppm) and two temperature regimes (26/21 or 31/26 °C, day/night). Plant dry mass, plant %N, protein concentrations, NO₃⁻ and NH₄⁺ root uptake rates (using ¹⁵NO₃ or ¹⁵NH₄), and whole-plant N- and NO₃^--assimilation were measured. Plant growth, %N, protein concentration, and root N-uptake rate were each significantly affected only by CO₂, while N- and NO₃⁻-assimilation were significantly affected only by temperature. However, plants grown at eCO₂ plus warming had the lowest concentrations of N and protein. These results suggest that one strategy breeding programs can implement to minimize the negative effects of eCO₂ and warming on wheat tissue N would be to target the maintenance of root N uptake rate at eCO₂ and N assimilation at higher growth temperatures. View Full-Text

Keywords: climate change; elevated CO₂; warming; heat stress; nitrogen metabolism; N uptake; N assimilation; ¹⁵N tracer; Triticum; wheat

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jayawardena, D.M.; Heckathorn, S.A.; Boldt, J.K. Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming on Nitrogen (N)-Uptake Rate, -Assimilation, and -Concentration of Wheat. Plants 2020, 9, 1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121689

AMA Style

Jayawardena DM, Heckathorn SA, Boldt JK. Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming on Nitrogen (N)-Uptake Rate, -Assimilation, and -Concentration of Wheat. Plants. 2020; 9(12):1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121689

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jayawardena, Dileepa M., Scott A. Heckathorn, and Jennifer K. Boldt. 2020. "Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming on Nitrogen (N)-Uptake Rate, -Assimilation, and -Concentration of Wheat" Plants 9, no. 12: 1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121689

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Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming on Nitrogen (N)-Uptake Rate, -Assimilation, and -Concentration of Wheat

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