A Review of Ampelometry: Morphometric Characterization of the Grape (Vitis spp.) Leaf
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Grapevine Leaf Morphological Traits
2. History and Development of Ampelometry
2.1. Prelude of Ampelometry
2.2. Ampelometry by Ravaz
2.3. Galet’s Ampelometric Index
- L/W—length of the leaf/width of the leaf;
- N2/N1—length of the distal vein/length of the mid vein;
- N3/N1—length of the proximal vein/length of the mid vein;
- N4/N1—length of the petiolar vein/length of the main vein;
- Us/N3—depth of the upper sinus/length of the proximal vein;
- Ls/N2—depth of the lower sinus/length of the distal vein.
- α + β;
- α + β + γ;
2.4. OIV Descriptor List
Code N° | Characteristic on the Mature Leaf | Notations | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | ||
OIV 601 | Length of vein N1 | very short up to about 75 mm | short about 105 mm | medium about 135 mm | long about 165 mm | very long about 195 mm and more |
OIV 602 | Length of vein N2 | very short up to about 65 mm | short about 85 mm | medium about 105 mm | long about 125 mm | very long about 145 mm and more |
OIV 603 | Length of vein N3 | very short up to about 35 mm | short about 55 mm | medium about 75 mm | long about 95 mm | very long about 115 mm and more |
OIV 604 | Length of vein N4 | very short up to about 15 mm | short about 25 mm | medium about 35 mm | long about 45 mm | very long about 55 mm and more |
OIV 605 | Length petiole sinus to upper lateral leaf sinus | very short up to about 30 mm | short about 50 mm | medium about 70 mm | long about 90 mm | very long about 110 mm and more |
OIV 606 | Length petiole sinus to lower lateral leaf sinus | very short up to about 30 mm | short about 45 mm | medium about 60 mm | long about 75 mm | very long about 90 mm and more |
OIV 607 | Angle between N1 and N2 measured at the first ramification | very small up to about 30° | small about 30°–45° | medium about 46°–55° | large about 56°–70° | very large about 70° and more |
OIV 608 | Angle between N2 and N3 measured at the first ramification | very small up to about 30° | small about 30°–45° | medium about 46°–55° | large about 56°–70° | very large about 70° and more |
OIV 609 | Angle between N3 and N4 measured at the first ramification | very small up to about 30° | small about 30°–45° | medium about 46°–55° | large about 56°–70° | very large about 70° and more |
OIV 610 | Angle between N3 and the tangent between petiole point and the tooth tip of N5 | very small up to about 30° | small about 30°–45° | medium about 46°–55° | large about 56°–70° | very large about 70° and more |
OIV 611 | Length of vein N5 | very short up to about 15 mm | short about 25 mm | medium about 35 mm | long about 45 mm | very long about 55 mm and more |
OIV 612 | Length of tooth of N2 | very short up to about 6 mm | short about 10 mm | medium about 14 mm | long about 18 mm | very long about 22 mm and more |
OIV 613 | Width of tooth of N2 | very short up to about 6 mm | short about 10 mm | medium about 14 mm | long about 18 mm | very long about 22 mm and more |
OIV 614 | Length of tooth of N4 | very short up to about 6 mm | short about 10 mm | medium about 14 mm | long about 18 mm | very long about 22 mm and more |
OIV 615 | Width of tooth of N4 | very short up to about 6 mm | short about 10 mm | medium about 14 mm | long about 18 mm | very long about 22 mm and more |
OIV 616 | Number of teeth between the tooth tip of N2 and the tooth tip of the first secondary vein of N2 including the limits | very small up to about 3 | small about 4 | medium about 5–6 | large about 7–8 | very large about 9 and more |
OIV 617 | Length between the tooth tip of N2 and the tooth tip of the first secondary vein of N2 | very small up to about 30 mm | small about 30–45 mm | medium about 46–55 mm | large about 56–70 mm | very large about 70 mm and more |
OIV 618 | Opening/overlapping of the petiole sinus | wide open up to about −35 mm | open about −15 mm | closed about −5 mm | overlapping about 25 mm | very overlapping about 45 mm and more |
2.5. Ampelometric Data as Continuos Variables
2.6. Geometric Morphometry—Odontometry
2.7. Landmark-Based Geometric Morphometry
2.8. Elliptic Fourier Descriptors
3. Tools for Ampelometric Evaluations
4. Morphological Variability along the Shoot: Which Leaf to Compare?
5. Leaf Morphological Diversity among Species, Cultivars and Clones
5.1. Ampelometric Evaluation of Vitis Species and Rootstock Cultivars
5.2. Morphometric Diversity of the Wild Grape (Vitis Sylvestris C.C. Gmel. Hegi)
5.3. Comparison of Grapevine Cultivars and Clones
6. Factors Influencing Ampelometric Traits
7. Discussion
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bodor-Pesti, P.; Taranyi, D.; Deák, T.; Nyitrainé Sárdy, D.Á.; Varga, Z. A Review of Ampelometry: Morphometric Characterization of the Grape (Vitis spp.) Leaf. Plants 2023, 12, 452. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12030452
Bodor-Pesti P, Taranyi D, Deák T, Nyitrainé Sárdy DÁ, Varga Z. A Review of Ampelometry: Morphometric Characterization of the Grape (Vitis spp.) Leaf. Plants. 2023; 12(3):452. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12030452
Chicago/Turabian StyleBodor-Pesti, Péter, Dóra Taranyi, Tamás Deák, Diána Ágnes Nyitrainé Sárdy, and Zsuzsanna Varga. 2023. "A Review of Ampelometry: Morphometric Characterization of the Grape (Vitis spp.) Leaf" Plants 12, no. 3: 452. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12030452