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Article

The Variations of Leaf δ13C and Its Response to Environmental Changes of Arbuscular and Ectomycorrhizal Plants Depend on Life Forms

1
College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
2
Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang 471023, China
3
Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang 471023, China
4
School of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Engineering, Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College, Zhoukou 466000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2022, 11(23), 3236; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233236
Submission received: 28 September 2022 / Revised: 15 November 2022 / Accepted: 22 November 2022 / Published: 25 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ecophysiology of Root Systems-Environment Interaction)

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (ECM) are the two most common mycorrhizal types and are paid the most attention to, playing a vital common but differentiated function in terrestrial ecosystems. The leaf carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) is an important factor in understanding the relationship between plants and the environment. In this study, a new database was established on leaf δ13C between AM and ECM plants based on the published data set of leaf δ13C in China’s C3 terrestrial plants, which involved 1163 observations. The results showed that the differences in leaf δ13C between AM and ECM plants related closely to life forms. Leaf δ13C of ECM plants was higher than that of AM plants in trees, which was mainly led by the group of evergreen trees. The responses of leaf δ13C to environmental changes were varied between AM and ECM plants. Among the four life forms, leaf δ13C of ECM plants decreased more rapidly than that of AM plants, with an increase of longitude, except for deciduous trees. In terms of the sensitivity of leaf δ13C to temperature changes, AM plants were higher than ECM plants in the other three life forms, although there was no significant difference in evergreen trees. For the response to water conditions, the leaf δ13C of ECM plants was more sensitive than that of AM plants in all life forms, except evergreen and deciduous trees. This study laid a foundation for further understanding the role of mycorrhiza in the relationship between plants and the environment.
Keywords: leaf δ13C; arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM); ectomycorrhiza (ECM); environment factors; life forms leaf δ13C; arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM); ectomycorrhiza (ECM); environment factors; life forms

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, S.; Yuan, M.; Shi, Z.; Yang, S.; Zhang, M.; Sun, L.; Gao, J.; Wang, X. The Variations of Leaf δ13C and Its Response to Environmental Changes of Arbuscular and Ectomycorrhizal Plants Depend on Life Forms. Plants 2022, 11, 3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233236

AMA Style

Zhang S, Yuan M, Shi Z, Yang S, Zhang M, Sun L, Gao J, Wang X. The Variations of Leaf δ13C and Its Response to Environmental Changes of Arbuscular and Ectomycorrhizal Plants Depend on Life Forms. Plants. 2022; 11(23):3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233236

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Shan, Mingli Yuan, Zhaoyong Shi, Shuang Yang, Mengge Zhang, Lirong Sun, Jiakai Gao, and Xugang Wang. 2022. "The Variations of Leaf δ13C and Its Response to Environmental Changes of Arbuscular and Ectomycorrhizal Plants Depend on Life Forms" Plants 11, no. 23: 3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233236

APA Style

Zhang, S., Yuan, M., Shi, Z., Yang, S., Zhang, M., Sun, L., Gao, J., & Wang, X. (2022). The Variations of Leaf δ13C and Its Response to Environmental Changes of Arbuscular and Ectomycorrhizal Plants Depend on Life Forms. Plants, 11(23), 3236. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233236

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