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Volume 11
Issue 22
10.3390/plants11223032
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Article

Compensatory Effect of the ScGrf3-2R Gene in Semi-Dwarf Spring Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack)

by
Anastasiya G. Chernook
1,*,
Mikhail S. Bazhenov
1,
Pavel Yu. Kroupin
1,
Aleksey S. Ermolaev
1,
Aleksandra Yu. Kroupina
1,
Milena Vukovic
1,
Sergey M. Avdeev
2,
Gennady I. Karlov
1 and
Mikhail G. Divashuk
1
1
All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
2
Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russian State Agrarian University, 127434 Moscow, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2022, 11(22), 3032; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223032
Submission received: 27 September 2022 / Revised: 3 November 2022 / Accepted: 7 November 2022 / Published: 9 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics, Profiling and Breeding of Triticale)
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Abstract

The dwarfness in many triticale cultivars is provided by the dominant Ddw1 (Dominant dwarf 1) allele found in rye. However, along with conferring semi-dwarf phenotype to improve resistance to lodging, this gene also reduces grain size and weight and delays heading and flowering. Grf (Growth-regulating factors) genes are plant-specific transcription factors that regulate plant growth, including stem growth, in terms of length and thickness, and leaf and fruit size. In this work, we partially sequenced the rye gene ScGrf3 on chromosome 2R homologous to the wheat Grf3 gene, and found multiple polymorphisms in intron 3 and exon 4 complying with two alternative alleles (haplotypes ScGrf3-2Ra and ScGrf3-2Rb). For the identification of these, we developed a codominant PCR marker. Using a new marker, we studied the effect of ScGrf3-2R alleles in combination with the Ddw1 dwarf gene on economically valuable traits in F4 and F5 recombinant lines of spring triticale from the hybrid combination Valentin 90 x Dublet, grown in the Non-Chernozem zone for 2 years. Allele ScGrf3-2Ra was associated with greater thousand-grain weight, higher spike productivity, and earlier heading and flowering, which makes ScGrf3-2R a perspective compensator for negative effects of Ddw1 on these traits and increases prospects for its involvement in breeding semi-dwarf cultivars of triticale.
Keywords: triticale; dwarfing genes; Ddw1; ScGrf3-2R; molecular marker triticale; dwarfing genes; Ddw1; ScGrf3-2R; molecular marker

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chernook, A.G.; Bazhenov, M.S.; Kroupin, P.Y.; Ermolaev, A.S.; Kroupina, A.Y.; Vukovic, M.; Avdeev, S.M.; Karlov, G.I.; Divashuk, M.G. Compensatory Effect of the ScGrf3-2R Gene in Semi-Dwarf Spring Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack). Plants 2022, 11, 3032. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223032

AMA Style

Chernook AG, Bazhenov MS, Kroupin PY, Ermolaev AS, Kroupina AY, Vukovic M, Avdeev SM, Karlov GI, Divashuk MG. Compensatory Effect of the ScGrf3-2R Gene in Semi-Dwarf Spring Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack). Plants. 2022; 11(22):3032. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223032

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chernook, Anastasiya G., Mikhail S. Bazhenov, Pavel Yu. Kroupin, Aleksey S. Ermolaev, Aleksandra Yu. Kroupina, Milena Vukovic, Sergey M. Avdeev, Gennady I. Karlov, and Mikhail G. Divashuk. 2022. "Compensatory Effect of the ScGrf3-2R Gene in Semi-Dwarf Spring Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack)" Plants 11, no. 22: 3032. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223032

APA Style

Chernook, A. G., Bazhenov, M. S., Kroupin, P. Y., Ermolaev, A. S., Kroupina, A. Y., Vukovic, M., Avdeev, S. M., Karlov, G. I., & Divashuk, M. G. (2022). Compensatory Effect of the ScGrf3-2R Gene in Semi-Dwarf Spring Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack). Plants, 11(22), 3032. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223032

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