One Health Probiotics as Biocontrol Agents: One Health Tomato Probiotics
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Soil—Tomato Rhizosphere Bacteria
3. Farm to Fork Strategy
4. Probiotics
“One Health” Probiotics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mechanism | Effect |
---|---|
Production of antimicrobial substances | Probiotic strains might secrete substances that may participate in the formation of endosomes [74].The effects of probiotic bacteriocins on the exhibition of selective as well as target-specific antagonistic activities in host organisms are known [75].Despite varying degrees of efficacy, the intake of certain probiotics in healthy voluntaries is associated with a positive impact on the status of certain micronutrients: vitamin B12, calcium, folate, iron and zinc [48,76]. In addition, probiotics might also be potential producers of biotin and pyridoxine [48], and the impact of lactobacilli metabolites through their chemical nature (hydrogen peroxide [77], lactic acid, folic acid, vitamins) against the growth of competing species is also known. The effect of probiotics can be mediated by their metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), in particular, propionate, acetate and butyrate, which may exercise anti-inflammatory effects [74], too. |
Interactions of probiotics with intestinal commensal bacteria and with pathogens | Probiotics are used to prevent/alleviate enteric infections [78]. Through the manganese transporter (MntH1), probiotics might also influence the depletion of manganese, an essential trace element, inhibiting the growth of spoilage-bacteria in dairy products [79]. |
Interactions of probiotics with the host epitelium | Probiotics can regulate intestinal permeability as well as compete with, for example, viruses (viral receptors) to bind receptors on epithelial cells [80]. |
Impact on a pathogen’s toxin production/utilization | Probiotics may have beneficial outcomes through their effect on the production of pathogen toxins [81]. |
Immunomodulation of the innate immune response to anti-inflammatory direction | The anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics through in vitro and ex vivo studies as well as in animal experiments is known [82]. |
Immunomodulation of the innate immune response to pro-inflammatory direction | Immunomodulation of the innate immune response to pro-inflammatory direction by the probiotics is known [82,83]. |
Adaptive immune response | Probiotic bacteria are involved in the development of adaptive immune responses [83]. |
Antibody formation | Probiotic bacteria are involved in antibody formation [81]. |
Probiotic | Human | Animal | Plant (Tomato) Products | Plant | Soil |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum | Food-associated Lpb. plantarum shows a good adaptation and adhesion ability in the gastrointestinal tract and the potential to affect host health through various beneficial activities [118]. | Lpb. plantarum supplementation can modulate overall health and immunity [119] as well as gut microbial composition and the interaction network between gut microbiota and the immune system [120].The anti-Helicobacter pylori effects of the probiotic in the stomach tissue of C57BL/6 mice has also been described [89]. | The use of this probiotic in the creation of fermented tomato juice products might be quite effective [113,114]. Lpb. plantarum is the main bacterial species associated with olive processing [121]. Probiotic tomato juice could serve as a health beverage for vegetarians/consumers who are allergic to dairy products [122]. | This probiotic has been frequently found in environments associated with plants [123,124,125].Significant stimulation of germination in tomatoes with poor initial germination capacity was achieved by soaking their seeds for 6 h in suspensions of nine out of ten Lpb. plantarum strains tested [126]. | This probiotic has highly antagonistic activities against most soil pathogens [37]. |
Lactobacillus acidophilus | The beneficial role of this probiotic in regulating imbalances in human intestinal microbiota [127], as well as in improving overall human health, is well- known [128]. The probiotic participates in the biodegradation processes [129]. | L. acidophilus supplementation can modulate overall health, immunity, and gut microbial composition [130] as well as the interaction network between gut microbiota and animal immune system [120]. | Probiotic tomato juice, containing this probiotic could serve as a health beverage for vegetarians or consumers who are allergic to dairy products [122]. | The probiotic might be used as a plant growth promoting agent [131].Probiotic-loaded edible films/coatings are known for maintaining safety, quality, nutritional and functional characteristics in fruits and vegetables for longer storage periods [132]. | Gut lactobacilli modulate bioaccessibility in soil lead [133]. |
Lacticaseibacillus casei and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | The effects of these probiotics on skin [134] and the prevention of age-dependent cognitive decline by upregulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the hippocampus, as well as cAMP response element binding protein, were revealed in [135]. | The Lcb. casei IMV B-7280 strain has a positive effect on the gut microbiota composition of mice [136]. | Probiotic tomato juice could serve as a health beverage for vegetarians/consumers who are allergic to dairy products [122]. | The effects of probiotic-loaded edible films/coatings on the maintainance of safety, quality and nutritional and functional characteristics of fruits and vegetables for long storage periods are known [132]. Furthermore, the effect of gamma-irradiated probiotics as an edible coating to enhance the storage of tomato under cold storage conditions is known [137]. | |
Lactobacillus delbrueckii | The effects of this probiotic on immune responses in the elderly were described in [138]. | The efficiency of this probiotic’s applications on pre- and post-radiation nutrition for rats were described in [48]. | Probiotic tomato juice could serve as a health beverage for vegetarians or consumers who are allergic to dairy products [122]. | Plant-originated L. bulgaricus was described by Michaylova and coauthors [139]. | |
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus | The effects of this probiotic on the modulation gut microbiota were described in [140]. | The efficiency of this probiotic on pre- and post-radiation nutrition for rats were described in [48]. | Fermented apple juice was the best substrate for the production of folic acid via Lpb. plantarum and Lcb. rhamnosus [141]. | The effects of probiotic-loaded edible films/coatings on the maintainance of the safety, quality and nutritional and functional characteristics of fruit and vegetables for long storage periods are known [132]. | |
Leuconostocmesenteroides | The effects of this probiotic on the age-related decline in T cell-related immune functions were shown in [142]. | This bacteria has great potential as a bee probiotic and could enhance the health of bee colonies [143]. | This bacteria, being one of the predominant in the tomato surface microbiome, helps to control contaminate proliferation on tomato purée during storage at abusive temperatures [144]. | The presence of this bacteria in raw fruits indicates the fact that the fruit is highly nutritionally and bacteriologically healthy [145]. |
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Harutyunyan, N.; Kushugulova, A.; Hovhannisyan, N.; Pepoyan, A. One Health Probiotics as Biocontrol Agents: One Health Tomato Probiotics. Plants 2022, 11, 1334. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101334
Harutyunyan N, Kushugulova A, Hovhannisyan N, Pepoyan A. One Health Probiotics as Biocontrol Agents: One Health Tomato Probiotics. Plants. 2022; 11(10):1334. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101334
Chicago/Turabian StyleHarutyunyan, Natalya, Almagul Kushugulova, Narine Hovhannisyan, and Astghik Pepoyan. 2022. "One Health Probiotics as Biocontrol Agents: One Health Tomato Probiotics" Plants 11, no. 10: 1334. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101334