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Volume 10
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Article

Assessing the Response of Diverse Sesame Genotypes to Waterlogging Durations at Different Plant Growth Stages

by
Mohammad Habibullah
1,2,
Shahnaz Sarkar
1,
Mohammad Mahbub Islam
1,
Kamal Uddin Ahmed
1,
Md. Zillur Rahman
3,
Mohamed F. Awad
4,
Abdelaleim I. ElSayed
5,*,
Elsayed Mansour
6,* and
Md. Sazzad Hossain
3,*
1
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
2
Syngenta Bangladesh Limited, Green Rowshan Ara Tower (5th & 6th Floor), 55 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
3
Department of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
4
Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
6
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2021, 10(11), 2294; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112294
Submission received: 15 August 2021 / Revised: 21 September 2021 / Accepted: 18 October 2021 / Published: 25 October 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pre-breeding towards the Effective Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources Volume II)
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Abstract

Sesame is sensitive to waterlogging, and its growth is devastatingly impacted under excess moisture conditions. Thus, waterlogging tolerance is crucial to alleviate yield constraints, particularly under expected climate change. In this study, 119 diverse sesame genotypes were screened for their tolerance to 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of waterlogging relative to non-waterlogged conditions. All plants died under 72 h of waterlogging, while 13.45%, 31.93%, and 45.38% of genotypes survived at 48, 24, and 12 h, respectively. Based on the seedling parameters and waterlogging tolerance coefficients, genotypes BD-7008 and BD-6985 exhibited the highest tolerance to waterlogging, while BD-6996 and JP-01811 were the most sensitive ones. The responses of these four genotypes to waterlogged conditions were assessed at different plant growth stages—30, 40, and 50 days after sowing (DAS)—versus normal conditions. Waterlogging, particularly when it occurred within 30 DAS, destructively affected the physiological and morphological characteristics, which was reflected in the growth and yield attributes. Genotype BD-7008, followed by BD-6985, exhibited the highest chlorophyll and proline contents as well as enzymatic antioxidant activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). These biochemical and physiological adjustments ameliorated the adverse effects of waterlogging, resulting in higher yields for both genotypes. Conversely, JP-01811 presented the lowest chlorophyll and proline contents as well as enzymatic antioxidant activities, resulting in the poorest growth and seed yield.
Keywords: sesame; genotypes; waterlogging; tolerance; growth; yield; principal component analysis sesame; genotypes; waterlogging; tolerance; growth; yield; principal component analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Habibullah, M.; Sarkar, S.; Islam, M.M.; Ahmed, K.U.; Rahman, M.Z.; Awad, M.F.; ElSayed, A.I.; Mansour, E.; Hossain, M.S. Assessing the Response of Diverse Sesame Genotypes to Waterlogging Durations at Different Plant Growth Stages. Plants 2021, 10, 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112294

AMA Style

Habibullah M, Sarkar S, Islam MM, Ahmed KU, Rahman MZ, Awad MF, ElSayed AI, Mansour E, Hossain MS. Assessing the Response of Diverse Sesame Genotypes to Waterlogging Durations at Different Plant Growth Stages. Plants. 2021; 10(11):2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112294

Chicago/Turabian Style

Habibullah, Mohammad, Shahnaz Sarkar, Mohammad Mahbub Islam, Kamal Uddin Ahmed, Md. Zillur Rahman, Mohamed F. Awad, Abdelaleim I. ElSayed, Elsayed Mansour, and Md. Sazzad Hossain. 2021. "Assessing the Response of Diverse Sesame Genotypes to Waterlogging Durations at Different Plant Growth Stages" Plants 10, no. 11: 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112294

APA Style

Habibullah, M., Sarkar, S., Islam, M. M., Ahmed, K. U., Rahman, M. Z., Awad, M. F., ElSayed, A. I., Mansour, E., & Hossain, M. S. (2021). Assessing the Response of Diverse Sesame Genotypes to Waterlogging Durations at Different Plant Growth Stages. Plants, 10(11), 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112294

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